Because of the emergence of Pseudomonas (Burkholderia) cepacia, isolated among patients from an intensive care unit of the Hôpital Pellegrin (Bordeaux), strains were studied in the aim to determine the source and the mode of transmission of the bacteria. The study was performed on 44 isolates of P. cepacia from 21 patients (23 strains) or from the environment (16 isolates from ventilators and five from the distilled water used for these ventilators). Susceptibility to 23 antibiotics of these strains and endonuclease restriction polymorphism on their total DNA were determined. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis was performed after digestion of the genomic DNA, using three restriction enzymes. Results obtained by analysis of genotypic characteristics demonstrated the clonal origin of the P. cepacia epidemy in the different intensive care units, but did not localize the source of the infection.
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