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Resistance mutations that distinguish HIV-1 envelopes with discordant VRC01 phenotypes from multi-lineage infections in the HVTN703/HPTN081 trial: implications for cross-resistance.
J Virol
January 2025
SA MRC Antibody Immunity Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa.
The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials showed that passively infused VRC01, a broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) targeting the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) on the HIV-1 envelope protein (Env), protected against neutralization-sensitive viruses. We identified six individuals from the VRC01 treatment arm with multi-lineage breakthrough HIV-1 infections from HVTN703, where one variant was sensitive to VRC01 (IC < 25 ug/mL) but another was resistant. By comparing Env sequences of resistant and sensitive clones from each participant, we identified sites predicted to affect VRC01 neutralization and assessed the effect of their reversion in the VRC01-resistant clone on neutralization sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscordance of 3rd and 4th generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold assays by pregnancy stages in India.
J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis
February 2025
Weill Cornell Medicine, Center for Global Health, 402 East 67th Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Background: Pregnancy and HIV affect CD4+ T lymphocytes and impact performance of QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT). We compared the results of QFT with QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus), which also measures CD8+ responses to TB antigens, during pregnancy and postpartum.
Methods: We screened 516 pregnant women for TB infection (TBI) with IGRA.
The incidence of symptomatic CSF viral escape in patients on antiretroviral therapy in western India: a retrospective cohort study.
J Neurovirol
November 2024
Research Methodology and Biostatistics Core, Office of Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College Of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) effectively suppresses viral loads in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Patients with discordant plasma and CSF viral loads may experience chronic-progressive or fluctuating neurocognitive dysfunctions. This study examined the incidence of symptomatic CSF viral escape (CSFVE) in patients receiving ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinicopathological concordance of mucocutaneous manifestations in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional study.
HIV Med
October 2024
Dermatology Department, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Mexico City, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to analyze how often mucocutaneous manifestations occur in people living with HIV and how these relate to their CD4+ T cell counts and HIV viral loads.
- It involved a cross-sectional review of 659 HIV patients from 1992 to 2022, finding that opportunistic infections were the most common skin issues, with Kaposi sarcoma being the most frequently diagnosed condition.
- The results showed a high clinicopathological concordance rate of 80.4%, underscoring the need for accurate skin biopsies to help in diagnosing various skin conditions in this patient population.
Clinical, pathological and gene expression profiling of estrogen receptor discordance in breast cancer.
Clin Transl Oncol
January 2025
Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the world's largest tumor species in which hormone receptor-positive patients have relatively good prognosis. However, majority of patients will develop late resistance, one of the important factors is due to the loss of the original estrogen receptor (ER) expression.
Methods: We conducted this study in 115 patients with BC who experienced second biopsy at Jiangsu Province Hospital (JSPH) and divided patients into two subgroups ER + to - and ER + to + .
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