1. Synaptic vesicles were isolated and fused into large structures with a diameter of more than 20 microns to characterize their ionic channels. The 'cell'-attached and inside-out configurations of the patch clamp technique were used. 2. Two types of ion channels were most frequently observed: a low conductance chloride channel and a high conductance non-specific channel. 3. The non-specific channel has a main conducting state and a substate. The main conducting state has a slope conductance of 246 +/- 15 pS (+/- S.E.M., n = 15), in the presence of different combinations of KCl and potassium glutamate. 4. From the reversal potentials of the current-voltage (I-V) relation, it was concluded that this channel conducts both Cl- and K+. 5. The non-specific channel is highly voltage dependent: under steady-state voltages it has a high open probability near 0 mV and does not inactivate; when the membrane is hyperpolarized (pipette side more positive), the open probability decreases dramatically. 6. Voltage pulses showed that upon hyperpolarization (from holding potentials between -20 and + 20 mV), the channels deactivated; when the membrane was stepped back to the holding potential, the channels reactivated rapidly. 7. In a number of experiments, when the pipette side was made more negative than the bath, the open probability also decreased. 8. Frequently, a substate with a conductance of about 44 +/- 4% (+/- S.E.M., n = 3) of the main state was detected. 9. We speculate that this non-specific ion channel may have different roles at the various stages of the life cycle of the synaptic vesicle. When the synaptic vesicle is an intracellular structure, it might help its transmitter-concentrating capacity by dissipating the polarization. After fusion with the surface membrane, it might constitute an additional conductance pathway, taking part in frequency modulation of synaptic transmission.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1158037PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1995.sp020762DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

non-specific channel
12
open probability
12
non-specific ion
8
ion channel
8
synaptic vesicles
8
main conducting
8
conducting state
8
+/- +/-
8
+/- sem
8
pipette side
8

Similar Publications

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH) is a rare, rapidly progressive disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by endothelial dysfunction within the pulmonary vascular bed and gradually leads to an increase in the pulmonary vascular resistances. Its non-specific symptomatology delays the diagnosis and brings the most severe forms to right ventricular failure.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic required the rapid and often widespread implementation of medical practices without robust data. Many of these practices have since been tested in large, randomised trials and were found to be in error. We sought to identify incorrect recommendations, or reversals, among National Institute of Health COVID-19 guidelines and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals and authorisations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Intra-abdominal lymphangioma, a rare benign lymphatic malformation resulting from an obstruction to lymphatic channels, often has non-specific clinical manifestations. Low incidence rates of this condition, paired with its unusual presentation and ambiguous radiological appearance, commonly lead to diagnostic uncertainty. This pathology can result in significant morbidity and mortality, emphasising the need to achieve early diagnosis and management despite these challenges.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Multiple mechanisms of action for an extremely painful venom.

Curr Biol

January 2025

Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Gill Institute for Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. Electronic address:

Evolutionary arms races can lead to extremely specific and effective defense mechanisms, including venoms that deter predators by targeting nociceptive (pain-sensing) pathways. The venom of velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) is notoriously painful. It has been described as "Explosive and long lasting, you sound insane as you scream.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The bacterial transcription terminator Rho is a hexameric ATP-dependent RNA helicase that dislodges elongating RNA polymerases.  It has an N-terminal primary RNA binding site (PBS) on each subunit and a C-terminal secondary RNA binding site at the central channel. Here, we show that Rho also binds to linear longer double-stranded DNAs (dsDNA) and the circular plasmids non-specifically using its PBS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!