Liposoluble vitamins and naturally occurring carotenoids in porphyria cutanea tarda.

The authors consider two groups of patients with overt sporadic porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) from different continents, with the aim of evaluating the possible impairment of the liposoluble antioxidative system, given the possible synergic effect of porphyrins and iron in promoting oxidative cellular damage. Twenty-three Italian outpatients with overt sporadic PCT and 11 outpatients with PCT from Buenos Aires (Argentina) were matched with 60 patients with liver cirrhosis and 52 healthy Italian controls. Serum levels of alpha- and beta-carotene, cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, retinol and alpha-tocopherol were detected by a high-performance liquid chromatographic technique devised in our laboratory, which afforded an accurate and simultaneous resolution of all these compounds. The results point to a significant reduction in plasma levels of alpha- and beta-carotene in both the PCT populations with respect not only to controls, but also to the cirrhotic population, which had more severe liver damage. Moreover, other carotenoids with proven antioxidative properties, like cryptoxanthin and lycopene, are greatly reduced in our PCT populations. This confirms the suggested synergic effect of iron and porphyrins in the oxidative intracellular damage with consequent depletion of antioxidative liposoluble molecules.