A sensitive staining method for nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) is described, using blue toning of AgNORs. NORs are loops of DNA which are transcribed into ribosomal RNA. NORs can be demonstrated by staining with silver nitrate, since NOR-associated proteins are argyrophilic, producing structures termed AgNORs. Normal blood lymphocytes were stained with both methods. The number and resolution of NORs increased 2-3 times by blue toning (30 mmol/l FeCl3, 11 mmol/l potassium hexacyanoferrate(III), and 33 mmol/l oxalic acid) compared with silver staining. A significant difference in the number of NORs was noticed between silver-stained and blue-toned cells (P < 0.001). The blue toning technique thus appears to be more sensitive in detecting NORs than the AgNOR method and may prove a useful alternative for applications in histopathology.
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Sci Justice
March 2019
Police Scientific Development Branch, Sandridge AL4 9HQ, UK.
This study aimed to collect data on the effectiveness of most of the fingermark visualisation reagents currently used on porous surfaces on fingermarks aged for up to 90 years, significantly extending the timescales for which such information exists. A limited subset of the variables associated with processing of old fingermarks was explored, with a focus on the use of 1,8 diazafluoren-9-one (DFO), 1,2-indandione, ninhydrin, and physical developer. These techniques were used in sequence on batches of cheques between 11 and 32 years old, and on documents dating from the 1920s and 1940s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Dermatol
December 2009
Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Although Q-switched (QS) lasers are the mainstay of modern tattoo removal, paradoxical darkening of tattoo ink may occur. This darkening of tattoo ink is dependent on laser wavelength, pulse duration and fluence, with high-energy, nanosecond-pulsed lasers more prone to induce tattoo-ink darkening. Laser toning, consisting of multiple-passed QS neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG), 1064-nm laser treatment with low fluence, short pulse duration (< 10 ns), and a repetition rate of 10 Hz has been successful in the treatment of melasma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistochem Cell Biol
January 2002
Institut für Anatomie der Charité, Medizinische Fakultät der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstrasse 12, 10098 Berlin, Germany.
The truncothalamic complex has long been considered to be a nuclear group with "non-specific" projections. More recently, it is suggested that these thalamic nuclei play an important role in regulating distinct basal ganglia circuits. To further analyze the exact biological function of individual nuclei of the truncothalamic complex a simple and reliable technique for an exact delineation of distinct nuclei is desirable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pathol
April 1995
Department of Pathology, Firat University Medical School, Elaziğ, Turkey.
A sensitive staining method for nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) is described, using blue toning of AgNORs. NORs are loops of DNA which are transcribed into ribosomal RNA. NORs can be demonstrated by staining with silver nitrate, since NOR-associated proteins are argyrophilic, producing structures termed AgNORs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Biochem
September 1993
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
An optimized method for reverse staining of proteins in polyacrylamide gels is described. The method is based on the selective precipitation of a white imidazole-zinc complex all along the gel except in the protein bands. The high selectivity of this method allows a "toning procedure" which turns the formerly white background into a deep blue, leaving the protein bands transparent and colorless.
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