To improve the preservation of effluent samples, the contribution of refrigeration, freezing, and freeze-drying techniques to maintain the toxic characteristics of the samples was evaluated. To achieve this evaluation one acute test, three long-term toxicity tests, a biochemical test (P450 induction), and a mutagenicity test (Ames test) were used on the same industrial effluent. Refrigeration and freezing demonstrated a similar capacity of preservation. However, freezing should be recommended when the delay between sampling and the start of the bioassay exceeds 48 hr. Freeze-drying did not prove to be useful in that case but this could be due to methodological problems. Nevertheless, this technique allowed the detection of mutagenic compounds because of its aptitude to concentrate effluent samples. For the toxic evaluation of the samples the advantages of the use of a battery of biotests were confirmed and it was noted that the cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) reproduction test and the algal (Selenastrum capricornutum) growth test had a higher sensitivity within the three tests used.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1995.1006 | DOI Listing |
J Environ Manage
January 2025
Department of Separation Science, School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology (LUT), Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850, Lappeenranta, Finland.
As the global consumption of pharmaceuticals increases, so does their release into water bodies. The effects, although not fully understood, can be detrimental to aquatic ecosystems and human health. The new Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (UWWTD) in European Union requires implementation of quaternary wastewater treatment processes to limit the loads of pharmaceuticals reaching water bodies.
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January 2025
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Water pollution, resulting from industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and pharmaceutical residues, poses serious threats to ecosystems and human health, highlighting the need for innovative approaches to effective remediation, particularly for non-biodegradable emerging pollutants. This research work explores the influence of shape-controlled nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (TiO NC), synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method, on the photodegradation efficiency of three different classes of emerging environmental pollutants: phenol, pesticides (methomyl), and drugs (sodium diclofenac). Experiments were conducted to assess the influence of the water matrix on treatment efficiency by using ultrapure water and stormwater (basic) collected from an urban drainage system as matrices.
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January 2025
LSMTM, Laboratoire de Synthèse Macromoléculaire et Thio-organique Macromoléculaire, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene USTHB, Algiers 16111, Algeria.
Effluents containing synthetic anionic dyes can pose a risk to ecosystems, and they must be treated before their release to the environment. Biosorption, a simple and effective process, may be a promising solution for treating these effluents. In this work, chitosan beads were crosslinked with epichlorohydrin to produce a highly stable and performant biosorbent to remove Brilliant Blue FCF dye.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAquat Toxicol
January 2025
Basic Science Department, Preparatory Year, University of Ha'il, Ha'il City, 1560, Saudi Arabia.
This review article provides a thorough examination of an interaction between linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) and ecosystems. The review covers various aspects of LABs' impact on ecosystems, focusing on detection and treatment strategies to mitigate ecological consequences. It delves into LABs' role as molecular markers for sewage pollution, their physicochemical properties contributing to persistence, and their effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms, including disruptions to endocrine systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxics
December 2024
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China.
This study analyzed three years of data (2021-2024) from three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), namely D, X, and T, in the main urban area of Handan, a typical city in the southern Hebei region, and investigated the influent characteristics and impact of temperature on these wastewater treatment facilities. With 90% assurance, the overall influent conditions of the three WWTPs in this region were normal. However, Plant T operated more effectively with slightly lower BOD/COD (B/C), organic carbon/total phosphorus (C/TP), and organic carbon/total nitrogen (C/TN) ratios in the influent.
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