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DAMPs, PAMPs, NLRs, RIGs, CLRs and TLRs - Understanding the Alphabet Soup in the Context of Bone Biology.
Curr Osteoporos Rep
January 2025
Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the current understanding of cell-autonomous innate immune pathways that contribute to bone homeostasis and disease.
Recent Findings: Germ-line encoded pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are the first line of defense against danger and infections. In the bone microenvironment, PRRs and downstream signaling pathways, that mount immune defense, interface intimately with the core cellular processes in bone cells to alter bone formation and resorption.
Palladium-Based Nanocomposites Remodel Osteoporotic Microenvironment by Bone-Targeted Hydrogen Enrichment and Zincum Repletion.
Research (Wash D C)
December 2024
The National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330088, China.
Osteoporosis presents a marked global public health challenge, characterized by deficient osteogenesis and a deteriorating immune microenvironment. Conventional clinical interventions primarily target osteoclast-mediated bone damage, yet lack a comprehensive therapeutic approach that balances bone formation and resorption. Herein, we introduce a bone-targeted nanocomposite, A-Z@Pd(H), designed to address these challenges by integrating diverse functional components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of immune cells settled in the bone marrow on adult hematopoietic stem cells.
Cell Mol Life Sci
October 2024
State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
Article Synopsis
- - Immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells reside in the bone marrow and are crucial for hematopoiesis, which is the process of blood cell formation.
- - These immune cells influence the behavior of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by either interacting directly or releasing factors that affect their growth and differentiation.
- - The collaboration among these immune cells and their interactions with bone marrow components helps maintain a supportive environment for blood cell production and tissue repair.
Selenoprotein W engages in overactive osteoclast differentiation in multiple myeloma.
Mol Biol Rep
April 2024
Laboratory of Bone Metabolism and Control, Department of Microbiology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, 42415, Korea.
Background: Patients with multiple myeloma exhibit malignant osteolytic bone disease due to excessive osteoclast formation and function. We recently identified that osteoclastogenic stimulator selenoprotein W (SELENOW) is upregulated via ERK signaling and downregulated via p38 signaling during receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-κΒ ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation. In the intrinsic physiological process, RANKL-induced downregulation of SELENOW maintains proper osteoclast differentiation; in contrast, forced overexpression of SELENOW leads to overactive osteoclast formation and function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKinetic network modeling with molecular simulation inputs: A proton-coupled phosphate symporter.
Biophys J
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, James Franck Institute, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Electronic address:
Phosphate, an essential metabolite involved in numerous cellular functions, is taken up by proton-coupled phosphate transporters of plants and fungi within the major facilitator family. Similar phosphate transporters have been identified across a diverse range of biological entities, including various protozoan parasites linked to human diseases, breast cancer cells with increased phosphate requirements, and osteoclast-like cells engaged in bone resorption. Prior studies have proposed an overview of the functional cycle of a proton-driven phosphate transporter (PiPT), yet a comprehensive understanding of the proposed reaction pathways necessitates a closer examination of each elementary reaction step within an overall kinetic framework.
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