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Immune Repertoires in Various Dermatologic and Autoimmune Diseases.
Genes (Basel)
December 2024
Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
The immune repertoire (IR) is a term that defines the combined unique genetic rearrangements of antigen receptors expressed by B and T lymphocytes. The IR determines the ability of the immune system to identify and respond to foreign antigens while preserving tolerance to host antigens. When immune tolerance is disrupted, development of autoimmune diseases can occur due to the attack of self-antigens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMHC-related protein 1-restricted recognition of cancer via a semi-invariant TCR-α chain.
J Clin Invest
January 2025
Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
The T cell antigen presentation platform MR1 consists of 6 allomorphs in humans that differ by no more than 5 amino acids. The principal function of this highly conserved molecule involves presenting microbial metabolites to the abundant mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell subset. Recent developments suggest that the role of MR1 extends to presenting antigens from cancer cells, a function dependent on the K43 residue in the MR1 antigen binding cleft.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh peripheral T cell diversity is associated with lower risk of toxicity and superior response to dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC.
J Immunother Cancer
December 2024
Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Introduction: Despite significant successes, immune checkpoint blockade fails to achieve clinical responses in a significant proportion of patients, predictive markers for responses are imperfect and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are unpredictable. We used T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing to systematically analyze prospectively collected patient blood samples from a randomized clinical trial of dual immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy to evaluate changes in the T-cell repertoire and their association with response and irAEs.
Methods: Patients with immunotherapy-naïve metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab according to trial protocol (LONESTAR, NCT03391869).
Underappreciated layers of antibody-mediated immune synapse architecture and dynamics.
mBio
January 2025
Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
The biologic activities of antibody drugs are dictated by structure-function relationships-emerging from the kind, composition, and degree of interactions with a target antigen and with soluble and cellular antibody receptors of the innate immune system. These activities are canonically understood to be both modular: antigen recognition is driven by the heterodimeric antigen-binding fragment, and innate immune recruitment by the homodimeric constant/crystallizable fragment. The model that treats these domains with a high degree of independence has served the field well but is not without limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferent MHC class I cell surface expression levels in diverse chicken lines, associations with B blood group, and proposed relationship to antigen-binding repertoire.
Poult Sci
November 2024
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, 806 Stange Road, 2255 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA. Electronic address:
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a cluster of genes with primarily immune-related functions. The MHC class I genes are responsible for self- versus non-self-recognition and viral antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. The chicken MHC class I protein binds its cognate antigen(s) over a repertoire spectrum ranging from promiscuous (generalist) to fastidious (specialist).
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