The specific oxygen uptake rates (OUR) of kappa-carrageenan-immobilised and free cell cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum were determined using an oxygen electrode in a closed chamber. This was compared with the respiratory activity determined by the extent of staining with iodo-nitrophenyl tetrazolium chloride (INT). The degree of INT staining correlated with the OUR; an increase in INT deposition corresponding to an increase in the measured OUR. The INT staining technique could therefore be used to determine cell respiratory activity. In this way a profile of fungal cell activity throughout immobilised cell aggregates and free cell pellets was determined. In both types of cell culture, after the initial growth period only the peripheral biomass was observed to be active.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280600107 | DOI Listing |
Sci Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Sci Transl Med
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
At this stage in the COVID-19 pandemic, most infections are "breakthrough" infections that occur in individuals with prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure. To refine long-term vaccine strategies against emerging variants, we examined both innate and adaptive immunity in breakthrough infections. We performed single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, and functional profiling of primary and breakthrough infections to compare immune responses from unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals during the SARS-CoV-2 Delta wave.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
ClpXP is a two-component mitochondrial matrix protease. The caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase chaperone subunit X (ClpX) recognizes and translocates protein substrates into the degradation chamber of the caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) for proteolysis. ClpXP degrades damaged respiratory chain proteins and is necessary for cancer cell survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
European IPF/ILD Registry and Biobank (eurIPFreg/bank, eurILDreg/bank), Giessen, Germany.
Background And Aims: Predicting progression and prognosis in Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD), especially Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) and Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis (PPF), remains a challenge. Integrating patient-centered measurements is essential for earlier and safer detection of disease progression. Home monitoring through e-health technologies, such as spirometry and oximetry connected to smartphone applications, holds promise for early detection of ILD progression or acute exacerbations, enabling timely therapeutic interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effective warm-up protocol using an added respiratory dead space (ARDS) 1200 ml volume mask to determine hypercapnic conditions, on the swimming velocity of the 50 m time trial front crawl. Eight male members of the university swimming team, aged 19-25, performed three different warm-up protocols: 1) standardized warm-up in water (WUCON); 2) hypercapnic warm-up in water (WUARDS); 3) hypercapnic a 20-minute transition phase on land, between warm-up in water and swimming test (RE-WUARDS). The three warm-up protocols were implemented in random order every 7th day.
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