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HIV-1 Tat Protein and Cigarette Smoke Mediated ADAM17 Upregulation Can Lead to Impaired Mucociliary Clearance.
Cells
December 2024
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) associated comorbidities account for the majority of poor health outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH) in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Lung-related comorbidities such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bacterial pneumonia are primarily responsible for increased morbidity and mortality in PLWH, even when compensated for smoking. Smokers and COPD patients demonstrate cilia shortening, attenuated ciliary beat frequency (CBF), dysfunctional ciliated cells along with goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus hypersecretion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-tembusu virus of capsid-targeted viral inactivation delivered by lentiviral vector in vivo.
Vet Microbiol
January 2025
Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China. Electronic address:
Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a member of genus flavivirus, which mainly causes decrease in production in egg ducks and neurological symptom in meatducks, causing serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Recently, the commercialized TMUV vaccines are mainly the WF100 live vaccine and the attenuated live vaccine (FX2010-180P), so it is particularly important to find new methods to combat TMUV. The capsid-targeted viral inactivation (CTVI) strategy is based on a viral core protein and an exogenous factor that can destroy viral DNA or RNA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular insights into the interaction between a disordered protein and a folded RNA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
HHMI, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) are well established as contributors to intermolecular interactions and the formation of biomolecular condensates. In particular, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) often harbor IDRs in addition to folded RNA-binding domains that contribute to RBP function. To understand the dynamic interactions of an IDR-RNA complex, we characterized the RNA-binding features of a small (68 residues), positively charged IDR-containing protein, Small ERDK-Rich Factor (SERF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSTAT5 activation enhances adoptive therapy combined with peptide vaccination by preventing PD-1 inhibition.
Mol Cancer Ther
November 2024
Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with retrovirally transduced T cells and TriVax vaccination shows promise in boosting antitumor immune responses by expanding specific T cell populations.
- Stat5, a transcription factor, is crucial for T cell proliferation and differentiation, and the study investigates engineered CD8 T cells with active STAT5 in combination with TriVax.
- Results demonstrate that CA-STAT5 enhances T cell expansion, functional capabilities, and reduces exhaustion, leading to a stronger antitumor effect in melanoma models by inhibiting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.
The HIV-1 R77Q Mutant Induces Apoptosis, G Cell Cycle Arrest, and Lower Production of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Human CD4+ T Cells.
Viruses
October 2024
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurs when HIV depletes CD4+ helper T cells. Some patients develop AIDS slowly or not at all, and are termed long-term non-progressors (LTNP), and while mutations in the HIV-1 Viral Protein R () gene such as R77Q are associated with LTNP, mechanisms for this correlation are unclear. This study examines the induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in the HUT78 T cell line following infection with replication-competent wild-type strain NL4-3, the R77Q mutant, or a Null mutant.
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