Cesarean section rates and perinatal outcomes of low risk pregnancies were evaluated in two different Turkish state hospitals. In this retrospective study, we compared cesarean section rates of 1668 low risk and non-private pregnancies managed by residents (group 1) and midwives (group 2), 53.3% and 46.6%, respectively. All patients belonged to a low socioeconomic class and none of them paid hospital costs themselves. Patient characteristics, mode of delivery and perinatal outcome information were studied by blind reviewers. Although patient characteristics and perinatal outcomes among the two groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05), the cesarean section rate was three times higher in the resident group (9.88% vs. 3.08%) and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that reducing the expanded use of cesarean section for low risk pregnancies in teaching hospitals would not have an adverse effect on perinatal outcome.
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