Possible cholinergic control on the release of PYY from intestine into the lumen or blood vessel was studied by radioimmunoassay in the isolated perfused rat ileum. The basal release of PYY into the lumen was 43.1 +/- 8.9 pg/min, which was comparable with that into the vasculature (35.2 +/- 2.6 pg/min). The administration of 1 microM carbachol into the vascular perfusate resulted in a more than 40-fold increase of the luminal release but only a twofold increase of the vascular release. Carbachol-induced release of PYY into both lumen and vasculature was completely blocked by atropine, but not by hexamethonium. Tetrodotoxin abolished carbachol-induced release of PYY into lumen and vasculature. These data suggest that the ileal PYY release, into either lumen or vasculature, is under the control of postganglionic cholinergic neurons via muscarinic receptors.
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