Anatomy of the gastric ganglion in the stomatogastric region of the vegetative nerve system has been studied in Astacus astacus at light optic and ultrastructural levels. Topography, neuroglial and interneuronal relationships of its elements have been described. Various types of synapses of the ganglionic neuropil have been described. The role of the ganglionic structural elements in receiving and treating sensory information and in regulation of gastric movements is discussed.
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Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
Pancreatic cancer is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy has become the standard diagnostic modality per the guidelines. The use of EUS has been growing for providing various treatments in patients with pancreatic cancers: biliary and gallbladder drainage for those with malignant biliary obstruction, gastroenterostomy for malignant gastric outlet obstruction, celiac plexus/ganglia neurolysis for pain control, radiofrequency ablation, placement of fiducial markers, and injection of local chemotherapeutic agents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Integr Med
December 2024
College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, Anhui Province, China; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Scicence Center, Hefei 230051, Anhui Province, China. Electronic address:
Objective: Acupuncture therapies are known for their effectiveness in treating a variety of gastric diseases, although the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood. This study tested the effectiveness of electroacupuncture (EA) at acupoints Zhongwan (RN12) and Weishu (BL21) for managing gastric motility disorder (GMD) and investigated the underlying mechanisms involved.
Methods: A GMD model was used to evaluate the impact of EA on various aspects of gastric function including the amplitude of gastric motility, electrogastrogram, food intake, and the rate of gastric emptying.
eNeuro
November 2024
Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211
Relationships among membrane currents allow central pattern generator (CPG) neurons to reliably drive motor programs. We hypothesize that continually active CPG neurons utilize activity-dependent feedback to correlate expression of ion channel genes to balance essential membrane currents. However, episodically activated neurons experience absences of activity-dependent feedback and, thus, presumably employ other strategies to coregulate the balance of ionic currents necessary to generate appropriate output after periods of quiescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
September 2024
High Performance Research Group in Physiopathology and Pharmacology of the Digestive System (NeuGut-URJC), University Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), 28922 Alcorcón, Spain.
Cisplatin, a common chemotherapy agent, is well known to cause severe side effects in the gastrointestinal and nervous systems due to its toxic and pro-inflammatory effects. Although pharmacological manipulation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) can alleviate these side effects, how chemotherapy affects the ECS components in these systems remains poorly understood. Our aim was to evaluate these changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
October 2024
Biology Department, Brandeis University, Waltham, United States.
Motor systems operate over a range of frequencies and relative timing (phase). We studied the role of the hyperpolarization-activated inward current (I) in regulating these features in the pyloric rhythm of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the crab, as temperature was altered from 11°C to 21°C. Under control conditions, rhythm frequency increased monotonically with temperature, while the phases of the pyloric dilator (PD), lateral pyloric (LP), and pyloric (PY) neurons remained constant.
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