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INVITED REVIEW: Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Milk: a 10-year-systematic review and critical comment.

J Dairy Sci

December 2024

Institute for Animal Breeding & Husbandry, Faculty for Agricultural & Nutritional Sciences, Kiel University, Germany.

Background: The occurrence of antimicrobial resistance genes in milk is eagerly discussed as a public health risk, and frequently investigated. Here, we perform a systematic review on the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes in milk from primary production over a 10-year-period.

Objectives: We aimed to provide a comprehensive data set on known and emerging antimicrobial resistance genes in major mastitis pathogens, occurring worldwide in milk at primary production, and to critically discuss the relevance and constraints of these findings.

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Bacteria divide to conquer antibiotics.

Science

November 2024

Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.

High-level resistance to methicillin requires a distinct form of cell division.

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The high-level resistance to next-generation β-lactams frequently found in isolates lacking , which encodes the transpeptidase PBP2a traditionally associated with methicillin-resistant (MRSA), has remained incompletely understood for decades. A new study by Lai et al. found that the co-occurrence of mutations in and , which respectively cause increased PBP4-mediated cell wall crosslinking and elevated cyclic-di-AMP levels, produces synergistic β-lactam resistance rivaling that of PBP2a-producing MRSA (L.

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In their recent publication, the authors explored the preventive effect of gentamicin in the irrigating solution on endophthalmitis caused by methicillin-resistant (MRSE) after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in rabbits. This letter commends the authors for their innovative approach and discusses the potential of chitosan-based intraocular lenses as a future solution for reducing the incidence of endophthalmitis. Chitosan's natural antibacterial properties, coupled with its capacity for sustained drug release and surface modification, make it a promising material for IOLs.

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