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The Association of Race With Outcomes in Hospitalised Patients With Hepatorenal Syndrome: Nationwide Cohort Study.
Liver Int
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Introduction: Racial/ethnic disparities have been previously reported in renal and hepatic disease care; however, acute kidney injury (AKI) in the setting of cirrhosis (hepatorenal syndrome [HRS]-AKI) despite its complexity requiring a multidisciplinary approach, remains understudied.
Methods: To identify unique associations of clinical and sociodemographic factors with mortality and length of stay (LOS) among patients hospitalised with HRS-AKI, hierarchical regression analysis was conducted, along with a mediation analysis to estimate how race-related differences in in-hospital mortality were influenced by payer type, area household income, and clinical severity.
Results: Black patients demonstrated a significantly higher odds of in-hospital mortality, compared to their white counterparts, adjusting for (1) sex and age, (2) sex, age, payer type, and area household income and (3) sex, age, and clinical severity [OR 1.
Pediatric Renal Cell Carcinoma (pRCC) Subpopulation Environmental Differentials in Survival Disadvantage of Black/African American Children in the United States: Large-Cohort Evidence.
Cancers (Basel)
November 2024
Global Health Equity Foundation, Bear, DE 19701, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Pediatric renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is a rare, aggressive cancer in children with lower survival rates compared to other pediatric cancers, influenced by factors like sex, race, ethnicity, age, and socio-economic status.
- A retrospective study analyzed 174 pRCC cases from 1973 to 2015 to understand survival rates, identifying significant disparities, such as black/AA children being nearly three times more likely to die from the disease than white children.
- The study highlights the need for further research into socio-economic and demographic factors affecting pRCC outcomes, as well as exploring insufficiently studied determinants like area of residence.
Acupuncture in the emergency department (ACUITY): Results from a BraveNet multi-center feasibility randomized controlled trial.
Integr Med Res
December 2024
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, USA.
Background: Pain plays a significant role in emergency department (ED) visits, however safe and effective nonpharmacologic options are needed. Prior studies of acupuncture in the ED reported pain reduction with minimal side effects, but most were small and single site.
Methods: We conducted ACUITY, a prospectively designed multi-center feasibility RCT.
Acute Liver Failure Etiology Determines Long-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation: An Analysis of the UNOS Database.
J Clin Med
November 2024
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Acute liver failure (ALF) rapidly damages the liver and can lead to multi-organ failure, with liver transplantation (LT) significantly improving survival rates in the U.S.
- This study analyzed data from UNOS between 2002-2020 to examine long-term survival for ALF patients and identify risk factors affecting both waitlist and post-transplant outcomes.
- Key findings reveal that acetaminophen (APAP) overdose and unknown causes increase waitlist removal risks, while Wilson disease (WD) is linked to better survival rates post-transplant; however, patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and APAP have poorer survival outcomes.
Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Timing in eICU Collaborative Research Database by Race: A Retrospective Observational Study.
J Surg Res
December 2024
Division of Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. Electronic address:
Introduction: Racial and ethnic disparities in malnutrition are well-known, but it is unknown if there are disparities in early nutrition delivery for intensive care unit (ICU) patients, which is associated with better outcomes. We investigated the timing of enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition (PN) initiation in the ICU, examining for racial differences.
Methods: Using the eICU-Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) from 2014 to 2015, we analyzed patients eligible for EN and PN from 208 hospitals.
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