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Development of Peptide Mimics of the Human Acetylcholine Receptor Main Immunogenic Region for Treating Myasthenia Gravis.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Davis School of Medicine, University of California, 1515 Newton Court, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
We have designed and produced 39 amino acid peptide mimics of the and human acetylcholine receptors' (AChRs) main immunogenic regions (MIRs). These conformationally sensitive regions consist of three non-contiguous segments of the AChR α-subunits and are the target of 50-70% of the anti-AChR autoantibodies (Abs) in human myasthenic serum and in the serum of rats with a model of that disease, experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), induced by immunizing the rats with the electric organ AChR. These MIR segments covalently joined together bind a significant fraction of the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) raised in rats against electric organ AChR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutoimmune Encephalitis Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Treated with Thymectomy.
Ann Thorac Surg Short Rep
December 2024
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California.
Thymomas have been associated with the generation of paraneoplastic autoantibodies to neurogenic epitopes, collapsin-response-mediator protein-5 receptor (CRMP-5) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5methyl-4isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR), in patients with acute viral infection. We report a patient with thymoma and myasthenia gravis, with SARS-CoV-2 infection, who became comatose secondary to autoimmune encephalitis. Plasmapheresis, high-dose steroids, pyridostigmine, eculizumab, and rituximab did not restore neurologic function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myositis, Myocarditis, Myasthenia Gravis, and Autonomic Neuropathy Successfully Treated With Rituximab.
Muscle Nerve
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors related adverse events: A bibliometric analysis from 2014 to 2024.
Hum Vaccin Immunother
December 2025
Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors are considered effective alternatives for the primary treatment of recurrent metastatic cancers. However, they can induce various adverse events affecting multiple organ systems, potentially diminishing patients' quality of life, and even leading to treatment interruptions. Adverse events related to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors differ from those associated with CTLA-4 inhibitors and are more commonly observed in the treatment of solid tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyositis associated with pembrolizumab presenting with myastheniform symptoms: two case reports.
Anticancer Drugs
February 2025
Department of Neurology, Bezmialem Vakif University, Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as pembrolizumab, have revolutionized cancer treatment by enhancing the immune system's response to malignancies. However, these therapies are associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including neuromuscular complications such as myasthenia gravis, myositis, and myocarditis. We describe two male patients, aged 67 and 68, with small cell and non-small cell lung cancers, who developed progressive neuromuscular symptoms, including ptosis, diplopia, and generalized weakness, after receiving pembrolizumab.
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