The first generation progeny of rats received days 10-13 of pregnancy a new antiviral drug bonaphthon (400 mg/kg) which exerts a toxic effect on females. The progeny did not show postnatal death or reduction of the life span. Moreover, no impairment of muscle work capacity, basal metabolism, cardiovascular system, peripheral blood parameters, or changes in the function of organs and systems were recorded. Morphological and functional deviations in the liver of 2-month-old progeny were unstable and got repaired by 3 months of age.
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Dev Psychobiol
January 2025
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
Exercise can be leveraged as an important tool to improve neural and psychological health, either on its own or to bolster the efficacy of evidence-based treatment modalities. Research in both humans and animal models shows that positive experiences, such as exercise, promote neuroprotection while, in contrast, aversive experiences, particularly those in early development, are often neurologically and psychologically disruptive. In the current study, we employed a preclinical model to investigate the therapeutic benefits of exercise on gene expression in the brains of adult rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Department of Bioregulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 and IRS-2 are major molecules that transduce signals from insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I receptors. The physiological functions of these proteins have been intensively investigated in mice, while little is known in other animals. Our previous study showed that the disruption of IRS-2 impairs body growth but not glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in rats, which led us to hypothesize that IRS-1 plays more pivotal roles in insulin functions than IRS-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
December 2024
Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is defined as a neurodevelopmental condition. The precise underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. A body of research suggests disruptions in both the cellular architecture and neuronal function within the brain regions of individuals with ADHD, coupled with disturbances in the biochemical parameters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, UC Davis School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Background/objective: The Rs1 exon-1-del rat (Rs1KO) XLRS model shows normal retinal development until postnatal day 12 (P12) when small cystic spaces start to form in the inner nuclear layer. These spaces enlarge rapidly, peak at P15, and then collapse by P19.
Methods: We explored the possible involvement of Kir4.
Brain Sci
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
Background/objectives: Rodents provide a useful translational model of fear- and anxiety-related behaviors. Previously stressed animals exhibit physiological and behavioral stress responses that parallel those observed in anxious humans. Patients diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) present with a spectrum of debilitating anxiety symptoms that result from exposure to one or more traumatic events, with individuals exposed to early adverse experiences and women having increased vulnerability for diagnoses; however, the mechanisms of this increased vulnerability remain unknown.
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