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Cationic liposomes, specifically 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) liposomes, serve as successful carriers for guanine-quadruplex (G4) structure-based cytosine-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs). The combined benefits of CpG ODNs forming a G4 structure and a non-viral vector carrier endow the ensuing complex with promising adjuvant properties. Although G4-CpG ODN-DOTAP complexes show a higher immunostimulatory effect than naked G4-CpG ODNs, the effects of the complex composition, especially charge ratios, on the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon (IFN)-α remain unclear.

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Myeloid cells from Langerhans cell histiocytosis patients exhibit increased vesicle trafficking and an altered secretome capable of activating NK cells.

Haematologica

September 2023

Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 77 Sweden; Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 141 52 Sweden.

Article Synopsis
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a serious condition where special cells form lumps in different organs, and it's linked to problems with brain function in kids.
  • Scientists studied LCH cells and compared them to healthy cells to understand their behavior and found these LCH cells were more active in taking in and releasing other materials.
  • They discovered that LCH cells release tiny packets that can affect other immune cells, which could help learn more about the disease and how to treat it better.
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Purpose: To describe a case of retinitis pigmentosa and nanophthalmos in a patient with attenuated Hunter's syndrome.

Methods: Fundus photography, total field electroretinogram, ultrasound, computerized visual field examination, biochemical examination and genetic testing were obtained.

Results: The fundus exam showed diffuse arteriolar attenuation, optic disc with regular contours, and pigment agglomerates like "bone spicules" in the middle periphery.

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Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a new type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) found in the oral cavity with immunomodulation and tissue regeneration capacities. This study determined the impacts of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) prepared through Elaeagnus Angustifolia extract (EAE) to enhance the relative expression of immunomodulatory/dentin-pulp regeneration genes in DPSCs. To produce nHA and modified nHA via EAE (nHAEA), the sol-gel technique was used.

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T cells that express the transcription factor RORγ, regulatory (Treg), or conventional (Th17) are strongly influenced by intestinal symbionts. In a genetic approach to identify mechanisms underlying this influence, we performed a screen for microbial genes implicated, in germfree mice monocolonized with Nissle. The loss of capsule-synthesis genes impaired clonal expansion and differentiation of intestinal RORγ T cells.

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