Seventeen children with recurrent croup, who had their last episode within the previous 12 months, were evaluated clinically by allergy skin tests, pulmonary function tests, and a histamine inhalation challengae. Fourteen showed airway hyperreactivity. Flow-volume loops were obtained after a positive histamine response and compared with post histamine tracings of children with asthma and health control subjects. Children with recurrent croup as well as those with asthma showed a significantly greater fall in maximal expiratory flow rates than that shown in healthy control subjects. Those recurrent croup also had a significantly greater fall in maximal inspiratory flow rates when compared to those with asthma and to the control subjects. A specific type airway hyperreactivity suggestive of involvement of both upper and lower respiratory tract was seen in children with recurrent croup.
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