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Cureus
December 2024
Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, IND.
Background: In epidural anaesthesia, the addition of an adjuvant to local anaesthetics enhances the efficacy, thereby providing increased duration and intensity of blockade in lower limb surgeries. The aim was to compare the efficacy, onset, and duration of sensory and motor blockade; haemodynamic changes; and sedative and analgesic effects of nalbuphine, clonidine, and dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in epidural anaesthesia.
Methodology: A prospective, randomised, double-blind study among 90 patients after taking consent was divided into three groups (30 patients each; Group D received 15 ml of 0.
Cancer Treat Rev
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China. Electronic address:
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are widely employed as primary non-surgical cancer treatments; however, their non-selective cytotoxicity often leads to adverse events such as oral mucositis (OM), particularly in head and neck cancer therapies. International guidelines provide recommendations for managing chemoradiotherapy-induced OM in various clinical contexts. Subsequently, emerging researches have introduced evidence supporting novel approaches or existing regimens for OM prevention and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, Giuseppe Mazzini Hospital, Teramo, ITA.
The management of postoperative pain in pediatric patients undergoing emergency surgical procedures, particularly in non-pediatric hospitals, presents significant challenges due to the unique physiological requirements of children. The utilization of opioid analgesia may result in severe complications, necessitating a transition toward multimodal analgesia, which integrates various pain management strategies to enhance effectiveness while mitigating adverse effects. Locoregional anesthesia techniques, such as fascial plane blocks, provide targeted pain alleviation, reducing dependence on opioids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common pediatric psychiatric disorders and is frequently diagnosed and treated by pediatricians. Stimulant medications are the first-line treatment for ADHD but may not be a good fit for many patients due to side effects, inadequate treatment response, or family preference. Non-stimulant ADHD medications provide a useful alternative for patients that cannot tolerate stimulants, have an incomplete treatment response to stimulants, are at risk for stimulant diversion, or whose family prefers to avoid stimulants.
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