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The association between rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation and brain structure and function based on multimodal magnetic resonance imaging in HIV-positive men who have sex with men.
BMC Infect Dis
January 2025
Postgraduate Union Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China.
An increasing number of treatment guidelines recommend rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) after the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, data on the association between rapid ART initiation and alterations in brain structure and function remain limited in people with HIV (PWH). A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) undergoing ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStrength of low-frequency EEG phase entrainment to external stimuli is associated with fluctuations in the brain's internal state.
eNeuro
January 2025
Cognitive Psychology Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52 2333 AK, Leiden, Netherlands.
The brain attends to environmental rhythms by aligning the phase of internal oscillations. However, the factors underlying fluctuations in the strength of this phase entrainment remain largely unknown. In the present study we examined whether the strength of low-frequency EEG phase entrainment to rhythmic stimulus sequences varied with pupil size and posterior alpha-band power, thought to reflect arousal level and excitability of posterior cortical brain areas, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPregnenolone effects on parasympathetic response to stress and alcohol cue provocation in treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken)
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, The Yale Stress Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Background: Chronic alcohol consumption in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with autonomic nervous system dysregulation, increasing cardiovascular risk, and high alcohol cravings. Heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic nervous system responsiveness to stressors, may mediate alcohol's impact on the cardiovascular system. While pregnenolone (PREG) has been shown to normalize heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with AUD, its effects on sympathetic and parasympathetic components of HRV and related alcohol craving are not known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe accurate determination of Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) removal efficiency by integrated-sonochemical system.
Ultrason Sonochem
January 2025
Université Paris Cité, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France. Electronic address:
Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is one of the most investigated Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) for being the strongest compound to eliminate and having adverse health concerns. In this work, we have conducted the sonochemical treatment of PFOS simulated water under high (500 kHz) and low (22 kHz) frequencies while monitoring the operational parameters via an integrated sonochemical system. The integrated advanced sonochemical system includes software to monitor treatment power, solution temperature and frequency while allowing distinctive control of the reaction conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatterns and trends in marine microplastics density distributions using a long-term, global, field database.
Mar Pollut Bull
January 2025
Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, UK.
We evaluate global microplastics particle density distribution using field data from 1972 to 2022, made available by the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) NCEI (National Centers for Environmental Information) global marine microplastics database. We resampled the measured microplastics density data from NOAA NCEI into a regularly spaced 1° × 1° grid and applied ordinary block kriging on a 1° × 1° mask map of the global oceans to spatially interpolate the gridded data. Climate data were retrieved from the Climate Data Store of the Copernicus Climate Change Service.
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