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Improved accuracy of delayed cerebral ischemia diagnosis with plasma nitric oxide synthase 3, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α.
J Neurosurg
January 2025
4Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Objective: The pathophysiology of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is not fully elucidated. The lack of accurate diagnostic tools increases the probability of delayed diagnosis and timely treatment. The authors assessed the relationship of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (F2-IsoP) and oxidative stress biomarkers, nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), with DCI after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAberrant auditory prediction patterns robustly characterize tinnitus.
Elife
December 2024
Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron-University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Phantom perceptions like tinnitus occur without any identifiable environmental or bodily source. The mechanisms and key drivers behind tinnitus are poorly understood. The dominant framework, suggesting that tinnitus results from neural hyperactivity in the auditory pathway following hearing damage, has been difficult to investigate in humans and has reached explanatory limits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe X chromosome's influences on the human brain.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Genes on the X chromosome are extensively expressed in the human brain. However, little is known for the X chromosome's impact on the brain anatomy, microstructure, and functional networks. We examined 1045 complex brain imaging traits from 38,529 participants in the UK Biobank.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn ancient apical patterning system sets the position of the forebrain in chordates.
Sci Adv
January 2025
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
The evolutionary origin of the vertebrate brain remains a major subject of debate, as its development from a dorsal tubular neuroepithelium is unique to chordates. To shed light on the evolutionary emergence of the vertebrate brain, we compared anterior neuroectoderm development across deuterostome species, using available single-cell datasets from sea urchin, amphioxus, and zebrafish embryos. We identified a conserved gene co-expression module, comparable to the anterior gene regulatory network (aGRN) controlling apical organ development in ambulacrarians, and spatially mapped it by multiplexed in situ hybridization to the developing retina and hypothalamus of chordates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime series segmentation for recognition of epileptiform patterns recorded via microelectrode arrays in vitro.
PLoS One
January 2025
Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (IMSE-CNM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that affects approximately 1% of the global population. Approximately 30-40% of patients respond poorly to antiepileptic medications, leading to a significant negative impact on their quality of life. Closed-loop deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for individuals who do not respond to medical therapy.
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