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Polygenic Prediction of Recurrent Events After Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction.
Circ Genom Precis Med
December 2024
British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care (M.A.,S.A.L., L.G.K., M.K., M.I., E.D.A., A.S.B.).
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complex disease caused by both lifestyle and genetic factors. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of genetic risk, in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, for recurrent events following early-onset MI.
Methods: The Italian Genetic Study of Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction is a cohort study enrolling patients with MI before 45 years.
Clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Assiut University Heart Hospital, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Article Synopsis
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) significantly increases the risk of early coronary artery disease (CAD), prompting this study of 690 patients who experienced their first ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
- The analysis categorized patients based on the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria, revealing a majority with unlikely or possible FH (86.1%) and a smaller group with probable or definite FH (13.9%), with key differences in age and CAD severity observed.
- Patients with probable/definite FH were generally younger and exhibited more severe CAD characteristics, including three-vessel disease, higher thrombus burden, and worse final blood flow outcomes compared to those with unlikely/possible FH.
Safety and Effectiveness of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy With Evolocumab for Familial Hypercholesterolemia/Hypercholesterolemia in Japan: A Real-World, Postmarketing, Single-Arm Study.
J Am Heart Assoc
November 2024
Teikyo Academic Research Center Teikyo University Tokyo Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Evolocumab, a monoclonal antibody approved for treating familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and hypercholesterolemia, was evaluated in a real-world study in Japan, as data on its effectiveness and safety were previously limited.
- The study involved 3724 patients with various forms of FH and hypercholesterolemia over 104 weeks, measuring both safety (incidences of adverse reactions) and effectiveness (changes in LDL cholesterol levels).
- Results indicated that Evolocumab was well tolerated, showing significant reductions in LDL cholesterol levels, with low rates of serious adverse events, suggesting it is a viable treatment option for high-risk patients in Japan.
Lomitapide: navigating cardiovascular challenges with innovative therapies.
Mol Biol Rep
October 2024
College of Dental Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, LMU tower, 1705 St. Mary Street, Knoxville, TN, 37917, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Dyslipidemia is a key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, and current treatments primarily aim to lower LDL cholesterol levels to prevent conditions like atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction.
- Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) results from mutations in the LDL receptor, leading to very high LDL cholesterol levels, which often do not respond well to standard statin therapy.
- Lomitapide, a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein inhibitor, has been approved for HoFH treatment; it effectively lowers LDL-C levels without affecting the LDL receptor and has been shown to reduce LDL-C by more than 50% in resistant cases.
Article Synopsis
- Despite the availability of lipoprotein-lowering medications, some high-risk patients with persistent high cholesterol may need alternative treatments like lipoprotein apheresis (LA).
- LA is particularly beneficial for individuals with familial hypercholesterolemia and not only lowers cholesterol but also improves heart function and reduces inflammation.
- While studies show LA leads to better cardiovascular outcomes, its use in the U.S. is limited, and more research is needed on its benefits for certain kidney conditions.
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