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PLoS One
January 2025
Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Background: Hypoxia in tumor cells is linked to increased drug resistance and more aggressive behavior. In pancreatic cancer, the tumor microenvironment is notably hypoxic and exhibits strong immunosuppressive properties. Given that immunotherapy is now approved for pancreatic cancer treatment, further understanding of how pancreatic tumor cell hypoxia influences T-cell cytotoxicityis essential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterol Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Necrotizing pancreatitis often demands intervention; contemporary management is directed by the step-up approach. Timing of intervention and specific approach is best directed by a multi-disciplinary team including advanced endosocpists, interventional radiologists, and surgeons with interest and experience managing this complex problem. The intervention is often a combination of percutaneous drainage, transluminal endoscopic approaches, and surgical debridement (minimally invasive or open).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterol Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, India. Electronic address:
The endoscopic step-up approach in the management of necrotizing pancreatitis involves sequential steps of intervention at different time points in the clinical course of the disease. EUS -guided drainage of walled-off necrosis is the first step of the endoscopic step-up approach. Lumen-apposing metal stents are preferred over plastic stents for safe and effective drainage because of their wide caliber.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGastroenterol Clin North Am
March 2025
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, MMC 391, 420 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address:
Diabetes (DM) can occur as a complication of acute, acute recurrent, or chronic pancreatitis, affecting more than 30% of adults with chronic pancreatitis. Data on the pathophysiology and management are limited, especially in pediatric population. Proposed mechanisms include insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, decreased pancreatic polypeptide, and possible beta-cell autoimmunity (in a small subset).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHemorrhagic pleural effusion as the sole manifestation of pancreatitis is exceedingly rare and often presents diagnostic challenges due to its misleading symptoms. We report the case of an adult male with a large left-sided black pleural effusion secondary to chronic necrotizing pancreatitis. The patient presented with progressive shortness of breath and cough, with a history of alcohol use and a previous diagnosis of acute severe pancreatitis.
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