Vampire bats were inoculated intramuscularly and subcutaneously with varying doses of rabies virus to simulate bites by rabid animals in nature. Daily saliva samples were then taken from these animals to determine whether they excreted virus and for how long. Vampire bats appear to react to rabies virus as do other animals, with variable incubation periods, some excretion of virus in the saliva, but no prolonged excretion "carrier state."
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.254 | DOI Listing |
Animals (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil.
Bats are mammals with high biodiversity and wide geographical range. In Brazil, three haematophagous bat species are found. is the most documented due to its role as a primary host of rabies virus in Latin America.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcography
October 2024
Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Bat-borne pathogens are a threat to global health and in recent history have had major impacts on human morbidity and mortality. Examples include diseases such as rabies, Nipah virus encephalitis, and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Climate change may exacerbate the emergence of bat-borne pathogens by affecting the ecology of bats in tropical ecosystems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZoonoses Public Health
December 2024
Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Background: In Latin America, there is a high incidence of vampire bat-transmitted rabies in cattle causing increased mortality of livestock, which heavily impacts the agricultural sector. Anticoagulants-based control methods for the common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) have been employed continuously since the 1970s with various methods of application, presentations, doses and active ingredients. Studies from half a century ago still serve as a reference for the current use of anticoagulants for bat-borne rabies control in Latin America.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasitol Int
December 2024
Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. Electronic address:
Among mammals, bats stand out as important reservoirs for Bartonella spp., second only to rodents. In Brazil, out of the 182 species of bats described, three are hematophagous: Desmodus rotundus, Diphylla ecaudata and Diaemus youngii.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK.
African trypanosomes are important parasites in sub-Saharan Africa that undergo a quorum-sensing dependent development to morphologically 'stumpy forms' in mammalian hosts to favour transmission by tsetse flies. However, some trypanosome clades have simplified their lifecycle by escaping dependence on tsetse allowing an expanded geographic range, with direct transmission between hosts achieved via blood-feeding biting flies and vampire bats (Trypanosoma brucei evansi, causing 'surra') or through sexual transmission (Trypanosoma brucei equiperdum, causing 'dourine'). Concomitantly, stumpy formation is reduced and the isolates are described as monomorphic, with infections spread widely in Africa, Asia, South America and parts of Europe.
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