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Cerebral blood flow and arterial responses in migraine: history and future perspectives.
J Headache Pain
December 2024
Translational Research Center and Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Nordstjernevej 42, Glostrup, Copenhagen, 2600, Denmark.
Article Synopsis
- The text examines the historical and contemporary research surrounding migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MO), highlighting how they differ in terms of their underlying mechanisms related to cortical spreading depression (CSD).
- The review draws on extensive literature and past studies, particularly emphasizing evidence from 133-Xenon studies that illustrate changes in cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during MA and challenge the previously accepted vasospastic theory of migraine.
- It suggests that while modern imaging techniques have confirmed and expanded upon earlier findings, a definitive study to conclusively determine the role of CSD in MA versus MO is still needed.
Hypoperfusion of the Left Insula, Operculum, and Putamen on Technetium-99m Ethyl Cysteinate Dimer (99mTc-ECD) Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer's Disease.
Cureus
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Tottori University, Yonago, JPN.
Article Synopsis
- eZIS effectively analyzes brain blood flow patterns, revealing reduced cerebral blood flow in key areas for patients with forgetfulness.
- SPECT imaging compared patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD) to controls, uncovering significant differences in blood flow.
- The study's findings highlight the left insula, operculum, and putamen as critical regions, though the broader implications for clinical treatment remain uncertain.
Microglial and Macrophage Plasticity and Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in the Prenatal Brain and Gut Under Vagus Nerve Stimulation.
Methods Mol Biol
November 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
An intricate relationship exists between the vagus nerve and systemic immune cell regulation, specifically during fetal development. Little is known about the connection between the vagus nerve and the brain's regional circulatory control. In this chapter, we present a methodology for studying the impact of vagus nerve signaling on these connections in the developing fetus using the sheep model for human fetal physiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral Cortical Vasodilation via Nicotinic Receptors by Heated Tobacco Product Aerosol Extract in Rats.
J Vasc Res
December 2024
Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.
Introduction: Smoking increases the risk of lung cancer due to a number of components of smoke. The use of novel heated tobacco products (HTPs), alternative to conventional combustion cigarettes, has increased in recent years. However, the in vivo biological effects of HTPs are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLow intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation induces hemodynamic responses through neurovascular coupling.
iScience
July 2024
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
Article Synopsis
- - Collective studies suggest that transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) can improve blood flow in the brain and other vessels, potentially helping with circulation problems.
- - The study aimed to clarify how TUS affects blood flow through the neurovascular coupling (NVC) pathway by inhibiting brain activity in rats using sodium valproate (VPA), a drug that affects neurotransmitters.
- - Results showed that decreased neural activity, caused by VPA, led to reduced blood flow responses, providing evidence that NVC is involved in how TUS modulates blood flow.
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