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Autotaxin regulates the expression and the activity of P-glycoprotein in lipopolysaccharide -activated microglial cells.
Cytotechnology
April 2025
Anticancer Therapeutic Approaches Group (ATAC), Rammal Rammal Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, are characterized by chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, often mediated by activated microglial cells. Microglia-induced neuroinflammation is essential to neuronal damage, driven by the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. Autotaxin (ATX), a lysophospholipase D enzyme, can modulate inflammation through its enzymatic product lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular effects of clinically relevant chemotherapeutic agents on choline phospholipid metabolism in triple negative breast cancer cells.
Transl Oncol
March 2025
Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal breast cancer subtype, leading to poor patient outcomes despite aggressive treatment with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. There are currently no clinical tests available which measure early on whether TNBC patients respond to the selected chemotherapy treatment regimen. The magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-detected total choline (tCho) signal was shown to be a promising biomarker for assessing the response to chemotherapy treatment early on, as breast tumor tCho decreases after the first treatment cycle in patients who respond to chemotherapy cocktails.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteomics, Metabolomics and Docking Analyses Provide Insights into Adaptation Strategies of Staphylococcus warneri CPD1 to Osmotic Stress and Its Influence on Wheat Growth.
Mol Biotechnol
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
Staphylococcus warneri is a gram-positive mesophilic bacterium, resilient to extreme environmental conditions. To unravel its Osmotic Tolerance Response (OTR), we conducted proteomic and metabolomic analyses under drought (PEG) and salt (NaCl) stresses. Our findings revealed 1340 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) across all treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutotaxin Expression in the Uterus of Cycling Rats.
Dev Reprod
September 2024
Department of Biotechnology, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, Korea.
Autotaxin (ATX), also known as ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2 (ENPP 2), is an enzyme with lysophospholipase D activity that converts lysophosphatidylcholine into lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). One of the LPA receptors, LPA3, is positively and negatively regulated by progesterone and estrogen, respectively. Furthermore, ATX expression in the rat uterus could be under the control of estrous cycle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeleting autotaxin in LysM+ myeloid cells impairs innate tumor immunity in models of metastatic melanoma.
iScience
October 2024
Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis, 3N. Dunlap Street, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Autotaxin (ATX) is an enzyme that produces lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which influences cancer spread, treatment resistance, and immune responses in tumors.
- Researchers discovered that myeloid cells in melanoma biopsies highly express ATX and studied its effect on tumor immunity in two melanoma models (spontaneous and experimental).
- Knockout of ATX in specific myeloid cells reduced melanoma metastasis by over 50%, revealing important immune differences in the tumor environment that change depending on the type of model used.
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