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Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, such as enavogliflozin, offer promising metabolic benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), including glycemic control and improved cardiac function. Despite the clinical evidence, real-world evidence is needed to validate their safety and effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate the effects of weight loss and safety of enavogliflozin administration in patients with T2D in a real-world clinical setting over 24 weeks.

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In this work, the conventional melt quenching approach is used to synthesize the Pr doped NaF-BiO-BO-SiO (NBBS) glasses. The influence of Pr ions on their spectroscopic and structural characteristics in glass network is investigated. The amorphous nature of the samples has been amply verified by X-ray diffraction patterns.

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Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, resulting from an abnormal immune response to normal stimuli, such as food and intestinal flora. Since the etiology of this disease remains largely unknown, murine models induced by the consumption of dextran-sodium sulfate serve as a pivotal tool for studying colon inflammation. In this study, we employed both acute and chronic colitis mouse models induced by varying durations of dextran-sodium sulfate consumption to investigate the pathological and immunologic characteristics throughout the disease course.

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Background: In May 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) asked 5 pharmaceutical companies to voluntarily recall some formulations of metformin due to contamination. This observational study sought to provide insight changes in hemoglobin A (HbA) levels when veterans switched to alternative antihyperglycemic agents following the recall.

Methods: This study included veterans aged ≥ 18 years with type 2 diabetes who were receiving health care from Veterans Integrated Service Network 6 and had an active metformin sustained-action (SA) prescription as of June 1, 2020.

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Background: About 1 in 4 veterans have diabetes, and many also have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of empagliflozin on hemoglobin A (HbA) in patients with CKD.

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