Microvessels were isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation and molecular seiving from forebrains of aged and young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Determination of noradrenaline levels in preparations obtained from both groups of animals indicated that the level of NA in cerebral microvessels isolated from aged animals (120 /+- 28 pg NA/mg protein) was significantly reduced when compared with the corresponding value from control (young adult) animals (226 /+- 35 pg NA/mg protein). This decrease in NA may indicate a deficiency in the neural control of the microcirculation and predispose to metabolic and functional disturbances of brain tissue.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610738108259805 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20201, USA.
Brain ischemia causes disruption in cerebral blood flow and blood-brain barrier integrity, which are normally maintained by astrocyte endfeet. Emerging evidence points to dysregulation of the astrocyte translatome during ischemia, but its effects on the endfoot translatome are unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the early effects of ischemia on the astrocyte endfoot translatome in a rodent cerebral ischemia and reperfusion model of stroke.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFluids Barriers CNS
January 2025
Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, 760 Press Ave, 124 HKRB, Lexington, KY, 40536-0679, USA.
Background: Blood-brain barrier dysfunction is one characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is recognized as both a cause and consequence of the pathological cascade leading to cognitive decline. The goal of this study was to assess markers for barrier dysfunction in postmortem tissue samples from research participants who were either cognitively normal individuals (CNI) or diagnosed with AD at the time of autopsy and determine to what extent these markers are associated with AD neuropathologic changes (ADNC) and cognitive impairment.
Methods: We used postmortem brain tissue and plasma samples from 19 participants: 9 CNI and 10 AD dementia patients who had come to autopsy from the University of Kentucky AD Research Center (UK-ADRC) community-based cohort; all cases with dementia had confirmed severe ADNC.
Microcirculation
January 2025
Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Objective: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) decline is increasingly recognized as an area of importance for targeting neurodegenerative disorders, yet full understanding of the mechanisms that underlie CBF changes are lacking. Animal models are crucial for expanding our knowledge as methods for studying global CBF and neurovascular coupling in humans are limited and require expensive specialized scanners.
Methods: Use of appropriate animal models can increase our understanding of cerebrovascular function, so we have combined chronic cranial windows with in vivo two-photon and laser speckle microscopy and ex vivo capillary-parenchymal arteriole (CaPA) preparations.
STAR Protoc
January 2025
University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miami, FL, USA; Institute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, the Blood-Brain Barrier Research Center, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland. Electronic address:
Here, we present a protocol for isolating microvessels from fresh or snap-frozen brain tissue from mice and humans, followed by visualization of RNA utilizing RNAscope hybridization for quantification of mRNA. We describe the steps for sample preparation and isolation, fixation, and hybridization. This protocol was specifically designed to integrate with RNAscope in situ hybridization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Chronic arterial hypertension restructures the vascular architecture of the brain, leading to a series of pathological responses that culminate in cerebral small-vessel disease. Pericytes respond dynamically to vascular challenges; however, how they manifest under the continuous strain of hypertension has not been elucidated.
Methods And Results: In this study, we characterized pericyte behavior alongside hypertensive states in the spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rat model, focusing on their phenotypic and metabolic transformation.
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