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Inferring demographic and selective histories from population genomic data using a two-step approach in species with coding-sparse genomes: an application to human data.
G3 (Bethesda)
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Center for Evolution & Medicine, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
The demographic history of a population, and the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of newly arising mutations in functional genomic regions, are fundamental factors dictating both genetic variation and evolutionary trajectories. Although both demographic and DFE inference has been performed extensively in humans, these approaches have generally either been limited to simple demographic models involving a single population, or, where a complex population history has been inferred, without accounting for the potentially confounding effects of selection at linked sites. Taking advantage of the coding-sparse nature of the genome, we propose a 2-step approach in which coalescent simulations are first used to infer a complex multi-population demographic model, utilizing large non-functional regions that are likely free from the effects of background selection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReporting of concomitant and rescue topical therapies in atopic dermatitis randomised controlled trials evaluating a systemic treatment: a scoping review.
Br J Dermatol
January 2025
Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, UK.
Background: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating new systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) have increased dramatically over the last decade. These trials often incorporate topical therapies either as permitted concomitant or rescue treatments. Differential use of these topicals post-randomisation introduces potential bias as they may nullify or exaggerate treatment responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransportation Insecurity, Social Support, and Adherence to Cancer Screening.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
S-SPIRE Center, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Importance: Transportation insecurity and lack of social support are 2 understudied social determinants of health that contribute to excess morbidity, mortality, and acute health care utilization. However, whether and how these social determinants of health are associated with cancer screening has not been determined and has implications for preventive care.
Objective: To determine whether transportation insecurity or social support are associated with screening adherence for colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer.
Registered reports in psychology across scholarly citations and public dissemination: A comparative metaevaluation of more than a decade of practice.
Am Psychol
January 2025
Department of Applied Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen.
After more than a decade of practice, registered reports (RRs) are widely adopted in psychology. However, the acceptance of RRs in terms of postpublication academic recognition and public dissemination, compared with nonregistered reports (non-RR), remained largely unexplored. This matched meta-evaluation identified and analyzed 119 pairs of original research articles (RR vs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA glass half full of money: Dispositional optimism and wealth accumulation across the income spectrum.
J Pers Soc Psychol
January 2025
Marketing Division, Paul College of Business and Economics, University of New Hampshire.
What drives some people to save more effectively for their future than others? This multistudy investigation (N = 143,461) explores how dispositional optimism-the generalized tendency to hold positive expectations about the future-shapes individuals' financial decisions and outcomes. Leveraging both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs across several countries, our findings reveal that optimism significantly predicts greater savings over time, even when controlling for various demographic, psychological, and financial covariates. Furthermore, we find that the role of optimism varies based on socioeconomic circumstances: Among lower income individuals, optimism is more strongly associated with saving.
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