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The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to pose a major challenge to global health. Targeting the main protease of the virus (Mpro), which is essential for viral replication and transcription, offers a promising approach for therapeutic intervention. In this study, advanced computational techniques such as molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were used to screen a series of antiviral compounds for their potential inhibitory effect on the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.

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Background & Aim: Twenty-four-hour urinary copper excretion (24 h-UCE) is the standard diagnostic tool for dose adjustments in maintenance therapy in Wilson disease (WD) patients. Guidelines lack data if both variants of 24 h-UCE measurement (with or without 48 h of treatment interruption) are equally interpretable.

Methods: Eighty-four patients with a confirmed diagnosis of WD treated with chelators (50% of patients with D-Penicillamine and 50% with trientine) and with pairwise 24-h-UCE values on-therapy and off-therapy were included in the analysis.

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Tapirs are hindgut fermenters with a natural diet dominated by browse, with a certain proportion of wild fruit. By contrast, diets fed to tapirs in zoos are often dominated by domestic fruit and other sources of easily digestible carbohydrates, which have been linked to obesity and various health problems. We aimed at better understanding the digestive physiology of tapirs, measuring the digestive efficiency of 13 lowland (Tapirus terrestris) and five Malayan (Tapirus indicus) tapirs from five zoos on various zoo diets by recording intake and total faecal excretion.

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Effect of Fasting Status on Association between Exposure to Phthalate and Phenolics, and Thyroid Hormones in Adult Women of Reproductive Age.

Environ Res

January 2025

Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Diet is one of the important exposure sources for many urinary chemicals that have been investigated in association studies for thyroid hormone outcomes. For these chemicals, the fasting status of the study population can substantially affect the results of urinary biomonitoring. Such variability presents challenges for cross-sectional association studies, particularly when the substances of concern have short excretion half-lives.

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Background Heart failure (HF) is commonly managed by addressing water and sodium (Na) balance, with arterial circulation playing a major role in influencing renal Na and water excretion. Recently, chloride (Cl) has been recognized as an important factor in HF, associated with volume regulation and its modulation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity through macula densa signaling, which impacts Na retention and neurohormonal activation. Acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, can enhance decongestion in HF by increasing urinary Na and Cl excretion when added to loop diuretics, a mechanism supported by prior studies demonstrating improved urine output and decongestion.

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