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Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) involve dysregulated CD4 T cell responses against liver self-antigens, but how these autoreactive T cells relate to liver tissue pathology remains unclear. Here we perform single-cell transcriptomic and T cell receptor analyses of circulating, self-antigen-specific CD4 T cells from patients with AILD and identify a subset of liver-autoreactive CD4 T cells with a distinct B-helper transcriptional profile characterized by PD-1, TIGIT and HLA-DR expression. These cells share clonal relationships with expanded intrahepatic T cells and exhibit transcriptional signatures overlapping with tissue-resident T cells in chronically inflamed environments.

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Arginase-1-specific T cells target and modulate tumor-associated macrophages.

J Immunother Cancer

January 2025

National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

Background: Arginase-1 (Arg1) expressing tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) may create an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which is a significant challenge for cancer immunotherapy. We previously reported the existence of Arg1-specific memory T cells among peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and described that Arg-1-based immune modulatory vaccines (IMVs) control tumor growth and alter the M1/M2 macrophage ratio in murine models of cancer. In the present study, we investigated how Arg1-specific T cells can directly target TAMs and influence their polarization.

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Aim: To investigate the effects of osteopontin (OPN) on cultured human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) in relation to adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization.

Methodology: Subcultured hDPCs isolated from healthy human wisdom teeth were inoculated on noncoated (NC, control) and OPN-coated nontissue culture-treated polystyrene plates (Non-TCPS). Cell adhesion and proliferation were analyzed by crystal violet staining and the CCK-8 assay, respectively.

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Background: Even though major improvements have been made in the treatment of myeloma, the majority of patients eventually relapse or progress. Patients with multiple myeloma who relapse after initial high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cells have a median progression free survival up to 2-3 years, depending on risk factors such as previous remission duration. In recent years, growing evidence has suggested that allogeneic stem cell transplantation could be a promising treatment option for patients with relapsed or progressed multiple myeloma.

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Unrelated bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a curative treatment for hematological malignancies. While HLA mismatch is a recognized risk factor in unrelated BMT, the significance of non-HLA single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) remains uncertain. Cytokines play key roles in several aspects of unrelated BMT.

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