Recurrent varicose veins are due to unidentified connections between the deep and superficial venous systems. Conventional clinical and radiological methods of identification are inefficient. In a series of 662 operations the rate of recurrence was over 40%. By changing to a different radiological technique, using an image intensifier, it was found that the gastrocnemius veins in the popliteal fossa were a common cause of recurrence. This radiological technique also differentiated between those recurrences that required a second operation and those which ought to be treated by Fegan's method.
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