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N-acetylated sugars in clownfish and damselfish skin mucus as messengers involved in chemical recognition by anemone host.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Computational Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
The clownfish - sea anemone system is a great example of symbiotic mutualism where host «toxicity» does not impact its symbiont partner, although the underlying protection mechanism remains unclear. The regulation of nematocyst discharge in cnidarians involves N-acetylated sugars like sialic acid, that bind chemoreceptors on the tentacles of sea anemones, leading to the release of stings. It has been suggested that clownfish could be deprived of sialic acid on their skin surface, sparing them from being stung and facilitating mutualism with sea anemones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacrophage-specific in vivo RNA editing promotes phagocytosis and antitumor immunity in mice.
Sci Transl Med
January 2025
College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Macrophages play a central role in antitumor immunity, making them an attractive target for gene therapy strategies. However, macrophages are difficult to transfect because of nucleic acid sensors that can trigger the degradation of foreign plasmid DNA. Here, we developed a macrophage-specific editing (MAGE) system by which compact plasmid DNA encoding a CasRx editor can be delivered to macrophages by a poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) carrier to bypass the DNA sensor and enable RNA editing in vitro and in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of Bifidobacterium bifidum growth and metabolism on whey protein phospholipid concentrate.
J Dairy Sci
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616. Electronic address:
Whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC) is a co-product generated during the manufacture of whey protein isolate. WPPC is depleted of simple sugars but contains numerous glycoconjugates embedded in the milk fat globule membrane, suggesting this fraction may serve as a carbon source for growth of bifidobacteria commonly enriched in breast fed infants. In this work, we demonstrate that WPPC can serve as a sole carbon source for the growth of Bifidobacterium bifidum, a species common to the breastfed infant and routinely used as a probiotic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistent Rhesus Enteric Calicivirus Infection in Recombinant CHO Cells Expressing the Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor.
Viruses
November 2024
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Recently, using a panel of recombinant CHO cell lines, we identified the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) or sialic acid as the minimum requirement for susceptibility to rhesus enteric calicivirus (ReCV) infections. While ReCVs cause lytic infection in LLC-MK2 cells, recombinant CHO (rCHO) cell lines did not exhibit any morphological changes upon infection. To monitor infectious virus production, rCHO cell cultures had to be freeze-thawed and titrated on LLC-MK2 monolayers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Aceneuraminic acid for distal myopathy].
Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine.
Distal myopathy with rimmed vacuoles (GNE myopathy) is an incurable disease that develops after the late teens, progresses slowly, and has no effective treatment. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, and the number of patients in Japan is estimated to be around 400. The causative gene was revealed to be GNE, the rate-limiting enzyme in the sialic acid biosynthesis pathway, and non-clinical studies demonstrated the effectiveness of sialic acid.
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