Anti-kell.

Am J Clin Pathol

Published: August 1981

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/76.2.243aDOI Listing

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Background: Thalassemia is one of the most common congenital hemoglobinopathies globally. Regular red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is of paramount importance in the treatment of thalassemia patients. However, this practice increases the risk of alloimmunization.

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Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a rare condition that causes a baby to develop anaemia while growing inside the woman; or after birth. Left untreated, this may lead to stillbirth or neonatal death. HDFN is caused when the pregnant woman's antibodies cross the placenta, enter the baby's circulation, and attach to proteins called antigens (inherited from the father) on the baby's haemoglobin containing red blood cells, and cause them to break apart, causing fetal anaemia.

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Assessment of erythrocyte alloimmunization among patients treated at a Brazilian university hospital.

Hematol Transfus Cell Ther

November 2024

Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG, Brazil. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates the frequency of alloimmunization among patients at a Brazilian university hospital, focusing on demographic and clinical characteristics of those with positive irregular antibody screenings.
  • Findings reveal that women were more likely to be alloimmunized, with common blood groups A and O, and anti-D, anti-E, and anti-Kell antibodies frequently detected.
  • The research emphasizes the importance of thorough antibody screening and erythrocyte immunophenotyping to enhance the safety and effectiveness of blood transfusions in clinical settings.
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Management of pregnancies with anti-K alloantibodies and the predictive value of anti-K titration testing.

Lancet Haematol

November 2024

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Clinical Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Anti-KEL1 antigen (also referred to as anti-Kell, or anti-K) alloimmunisation is the second most common cause of severe haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, after anti-rhesus D antigen, and can cause substantial fetal morbidity and mortality. Both fetal erythropoietic suppression and haemolysis contribute to anaemia. Typically, once a clinically significant alloantibody is identified during pregnancy, antibody titration is performed as a screening test to predict the risk of anaemia and the need for maternal-fetal medicine referral.

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Article Synopsis
  • Transfusion medicine is having trouble due to new therapies like monoclonal antibodies that mess with blood tests, making it hard to match blood types for transfusions.
  • A chemical called dithiothreitol can help solve this problem but has downsides like losing some test accuracy and taking more time.
  • Researchers tested a new method that uses dithiothreitol but allows for easier tracking and reduces interference from the antibodies, showing promising results after 30 days.
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