Native and purified HBsAg preparations were subjected in vitro to the action of cetylpyridinium bromide (Bromocet), hibitan-chlorhexidine (Hibiscrub), chloramine B and propolis extract, at different concentrations and for various time intervals. The effect of these agents on the serological reactivity of HBsAg was tested by electroimmunodiffusion (EID) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). Chloramine B and the propolis extract had a significant inhibitory effect-ascertained by both EID and RIA - on purified HBsAg, but not on the native preparation. The inhibition exerted by Bromocet and Hibiscrub indicated by EID results was not confirmed by RIA.
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Lancet Reg Health Eur
February 2025
Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Background: The health of the marginalized populations is crucial for public health and inequalities. The World Health Organization (WHO) Global Hepatitis Report 2024 stated that over 304 million people were living with Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)/Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection in 2022. We performed HBV/HCV screenings among marginalized communities to reveal hidden infections and link-to-care positive participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
November 2024
Laboratory of Virus Molecular Biology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk, A. Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdańsk, Poland.
An effective vaccine against hepatitis C virus (HCV) should elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses. Previously, we characterized a bivalent vaccine candidate against hepatitis B (HBV) and HCV using chimeric HBV-HCV virus-like particles (VLP), in which the highly conserved epitope of HCV E2 glycoprotein (residues 412-425) was inserted into the hydrophilic loop of HBV small surface antigen (sHBsAg). While sHBsAg_412-425 elicited cross-neutralizing antibodies, it did not trigger a T-cell response against HCV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Public Health Manag Pract
January 2025
Author Affiliations: Alameda County Public Health Department (Dr Yette, Ms Marusinec, and Drs Conlon and Chitnis), Division of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, San Leandro, CA; Asian Liver Center, Department of Surgery (Drs Pham, Toy, and So), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Dr Wong), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA; and Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA (Dr Wong).
Context: In the United States, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) virus infection predominantly affects ethnic minorities and vulnerable populations.
Objective: We analyzed surveillance data to describe CHB epidemiology to guide hepatitis B virus (HBV) elimination efforts in Alameda County.
Design: Persons with CHB during 2017-2021 were identified by ≥2 positive HBV tests (ie, HBsAg, HbeAg, and HBV DNA) ≥180 days apart using data from California Reportable Disease Information Exchange.
Methods Mol Biol
July 2024
Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA, USA.
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is due to the failure of host immune system to resolve the viral infection. Accordingly, restoration or reconstitution of a functional antiviral immune response to HBV is essential to achieve durable control of HBV replication leading to a functional cure of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Noninfectious subviral particles (SVPs), comprised of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), are the predominant viral products secreted by HBV-infected hepatocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViruses
June 2024
Reference Laboratory of HIV and Hepatitis B and C, Infectious Diseases Department, National Institute of Health, Av. Padre Cruz, P-1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Despite the availability of a vaccine against hepatitis B virus (HBV), this infection still causes public health problems, particularly in susceptible populations. In Portugal, universal free vaccination started in 1994, and most HBV infections are diagnosed in immigrants from high-prevalence countries. Our aim was to assess the pattern of HBV genotypes/subgenotypes in samples collected between 2017 and 2021 from a convenience sample of 70 infected residents in Portugal.
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