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Purpose: Subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are present in a wide range of pathologies with different prognoses. Thus, a careful diagnosis is mandatory to address them with the proper treatment. The aim of this review was to examine BMLs aetiology and their relationship with biomechanical and biological factors, to identify BMLs and help clinicians to properly recognize and treat each of these common alterations.

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Over the last 20 years, the scientific progresses in molecular biology and genetics in combination with the increasing use in the clinical setting of contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for morpho-functional imaging and structural myocardial tissue characterization have provided important new insights into our understanding of the distinctive aspects of cardiomyopathy, regarding both the genetic and biologic background and the clinical phenotypic features. This has led to the need of an appropriate revision and upgrading of current nosographic framework and pathobiological categorization of heart muscle disorders. This article proposes a new definition and classification of cardiomyopathies that rely on the combination of the distinctive pathobiological basis (genetics, molecular biology and pathology) and the clinical phenotypic pattern (morpho-functional and structural features), leading to the proposal of three different disease categories, each of either genetic or non-genetic etiology and characterized by a combined designation based on both "anatomic" and "functional" features, i.

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Multiple complex developmental disorder (MCDD): Did we throw the baby out with the bathwater too fast? A systematic review.

Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry

January 2025

Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addiction, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Service,Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Article Synopsis
  • Multiple Complex Developmental Disorder (MCDD) is a condition that affects various areas of development and could be seen as lying between autism and childhood-onset schizophrenia, but interest in it has decreased over time.
  • This study systematically reviewed literature on MCDD to evaluate its current significance, finding only 16 relevant studies that varied widely in methodology and focus.
  • The analysis revealed that children with MCDD tended to experience more paranoia and psychotic symptoms compared to those with autism, highlighting a potential diagnostic gap that warrants further investigation.
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In the face of increasing reports of CNS involvement in COVID-19 cases, it is likely that the current epidemic may be accompanied by a significant increase in the prevalence of neurological sequelae, cognitive dysfunction, and long-term behavioural alterations affecting quality of life and autonomy in daily life. This is consequential to the neuroinvasion and multi-organ dysfunction, but also to the psychological distress and socioeconomic changes that occur. Long COVID and neurocovid are now an established concept worldwide.

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B Cell-activating factor (BAFF): A promising trans-nosographic biomarker of inflammation and autoimmunity in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia.

Brain Behav Immun

October 2024

Univ Paris Est Créteil (UPEC), INSERM, IMRB, Translational Neuropsychiatry laboratory, AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire de Médecine de Précision en Psychiatrie (FHU ADAPT), Fondation FondaMental, Créteil F-94010, France. Electronic address:

Immune dysregulation is an important aspect of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorders (BD) pathophysiology, including not only inflammatory but also autoimmune process reflective of abnormal humoral immune responses. Given that B cell-activating factor (BAFF) is an integral aspect of B lymphocyte regulation, the current study investigated BAFF in SZ and BD. 255 SZ patients, 407 BD patients and 185 healthy controls (HC) were investigated across three aspects of soluble BAFF (sBAFF) by (i) comparing sBAFF circulatory levels across SZ, BD and HC, (ii) determining potential correlations between the circulating levels of sBAFF and the genotype distribution of a functionally relevant polymorphism, namely the TNFSF13B 3'UTR insertion-deletion polymorphism (GCTGT>A), (iii) analyzing relationships between both sBAFF levels and 3'UTR insertion-deletion genotypes and disease risk, patients clinical characteristics and circulating levels of potent inflammatory molecules.

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