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Preanalytical Sedimentation Effects on Hematological Tests.

J Appl Lab Med

December 2024

HealthPartners Medical Laboratory, Pathology Lab, Bloomington, MN, United States.

Introduction: Specimens suspected of errors related to low hemoglobin or changes in hemoglobin beyond that of clinically explained variations during hospital stays are frequently redrawn under the auspices that they are contaminated. When lack of an indwelling IV eliminates contamination as a possibility, evaluation of the specimen between the time of collection and testing should occur.

Methods: As part of a quality improvement project, we investigated the impact of sedimentation on collected blood specimens not immediately transferred to their respective tubes from a syringe.

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Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and ranks among the leading chronic diseases globally. It is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and insulin resistance, which over time may impair memory performance. More so, saliva appears to be a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of AD since conventional methods appear invasive and expensive in the country.

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Biomarkers.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Clinical Research Center, Department of Medical Research, Yangon, Myanmar.

Background: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cognitive decline and neuronal degeneration. In diabetes, persistently elevated blood sugar levels cause not only the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also systemic inflammation (1). This raises an intriguing question: do patients with controlled or uncontrolled diabetes exhibit similar levels of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation as reliable predictors of peripheral neuropathy and cognitive decline?

Method: In 2019, 150 participants with diabetes mellitus who had been diagnosed for more than 5 years were voluntarily enrolled.

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Biomarkers.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Kernel, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is largely under-diagnosed by primary care physicians. There is an urgent need to develop new objective screening tools to assist with early detection of MCI. Time-domain functional near-infrared spectroscopy (TD-fNIRS) can be used to measure brain function in clinical settings and may fill this need.

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Biomarkers.

Alzheimers Dement

December 2024

Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: Factors contributing to cognitive decline in adults include vascular risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes), lower education, age, Apolipoprotein E4(ApoE4) and cerebral hypoperfusion. The interplay between aging and vascular processes disrupts cerebral hemodynamics, heightening the risk of cognitive impairment and neurological disorders. Similarly, ApoE4 gene increases the risk of vascular-related cognitive impairment and small vessel disease.

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