The authors report a case of dermoid cyst of the mediastinum fistulized into the bronchi. This case was peculiar by virtue of its confusing clinical, radiological and biological characteristics which rendered the diagnosis difficult and in showing the value of bronchography in demonstrating the existence of the bronchocystic fistula. This excavated and fistulized tumor could be determined only after thoracotomy, confirming the primordial role of surgery in pathology of this type.
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