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Objective: Propose a framework to empirically evaluate and report validity of findings from observational studies using pre-specified objective diagnostics, increasing trust in real-world evidence (RWE).

Materials And Methods: The framework employs objective diagnostic measures to assess the appropriateness of study designs, analytic assumptions, and threats to validity in generating reliable evidence addressing causal questions. Diagnostic evaluations should be interpreted before the unblinding of study results or, alternatively, only unblind results from analyses that pass pre-specified thresholds.

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Background: Increased levels of inflammation in cancer patients and survivors can make them more prone to muscle wasting and sarcopenia. Diet can be an appropriate treatment for alleviating patient complications. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the association between sarcopenia and its components with the dietary inflammatory index (DII) among breast cancer survivors.

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Background: The increasing adoption of individual urban mobility in European cities is contributing to a rise in the number of bicycle and e-scooter users. Consequently, a corresponding increase in accidents, along with an additional burden on emergency departments, is anticipated, particularly in metropolitan areas. The objective of this prospective cross-sectional study was to gather detailed information regarding the patient demographics, accident mechanisms, and injury patterns of e-scooter riders in comparison to cyclists.

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Background: The increasing awareness of the emotional consequences of emergency cesarean deliveries (C-sections) highlights their substantial role in fostering postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of PTSD following emergency C-sections, as well as the implications of these events on maternal mental health and welfare.

Methods: Undertaking extensive searches of Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar, we have incorporated studies published from 2013 onwards that examined the occurrence of PTSD following emergency C-sections.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an extremely contagious illness, has posed enormous challenges to healthcare systems around the world. Although the evidence on COVID-19 management is growing, antiviral medication is still the first line of treatment. Therefore, it is critical that effective, safe, and tolerable antivirals be available to treat early COVID-19 and stop its progression.

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