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Donations triggered by inequality tolerance affect the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game.
Chaos
January 2025
School of Statistics and Mathematics, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China.
Generosity through donation plays a crucial role in reducing inequality and influencing human behavior. However, previous research on donation has overlooked individuals' acceptance of the extent of inequality, which acts as a trigger for donation. To address this gap, this paper systematically explores the impact of donation based on inequality tolerance on the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPredicting the impact of targeted fence removal on connectivity in a migratory ecosystem.
Ecol Appl
January 2025
Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Conservation Ecology Center, Front Royal, Virginia, USA.
Fencing is one of the most widely utilized tools for reducing human-wildlife conflict in agricultural landscapes. However, the increasing global footprint of fencing exceeds millions of kilometers and has unintended consequences for wildlife, including habitat fragmentation, movement restriction, entanglement, and mortality. Here, we present a novel and quantitative approach to prioritize fence removal within historic migratory pathways of white-bearded wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) across Kenya's Greater Masai Mara Ecosystem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFOXP3, IL-35, and PD-L1 in intra- and peritumoral lymphocytic infiltrate of cutaneous melanomas as an important part of antitumor immunity.
Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub
January 2025
Institute of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Background: The tumor microenvironment is a significant mediator enabling tumor growth and progression. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are an important component of this but tumor cells develop mechanisms by which they can escape the action of the immune system. Immunosuppressive mechanisms cooperate with each other and involve cells of the immune system, the tumor microenvironment itself, chemokines and cytokines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Degree and Origin of the Cooperativity of the Chalcogen (Ch···N) and Dihydrogen (H···H) Bonds in Some Triad Systems.
J Comput Chem
January 2025
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Petroleum Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
The strength and cooperative energy of chalcogen and dihydrogen bonds in some ABC triad systems of the types XHTe…NCH…HY (X = F, Cl, Br, I, H; Y = Li, Na, BeH, MgH) and FHCh…NCH…HNa (Ch = Te, Se, S) were computed and compared at several levels of theory. All resulting data showed that the strengths of chalcogen (Te…N) and dihydrogen (H…H) bonds increase in the order of H < I < Br < Cl < F, and Be < Mg < Li < Na, respectively. Then, the comparison of data for the FHTe…NCH…HY, FHSe…NCH…HNa, and FHS…NCH…HNa triads indicated that the interaction, stabilization, and cooperativity energies decrease in the order of Te > Se > S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe global Multidimensional Poverty Index: Harmonised level estimates and their changes over time.
Sci Data
January 2025
Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI), Oxford Department of International Development, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3TB, United Kingdom.
This paper describes the database The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI): Harmonised level estimates and their changes over time. The global MPI is an international poverty measure based on ten deprivation indicators in three dimensions: health, education, and living standards. The database contains estimates for the MPI itself (the adjusted headcount ratio); related partial indices such as headcount ratio, intensity, indicator-specific indices, and several auxiliary statistics; and changes over time for most quantities.
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