5-Ethyl-5-phenylhexahydropyrimidin-2,4,6-trione (phenobarbital) pretreatment significantly decreased the acute toxicity of 1,6-dibromo-1,6-dideoxygalactitol (dibromodulcitol) in H/Riop-Swiss mice and Wistar rats. Toxicity of dianhydrogalactitol, however, was not influenced to a considerable measure. Phenobarbital did not alter in itself the growth rate of the tumours examined. It significantly reduced, however, the antitumor activity of dibromodulcitol in NK/Ly-mouse lymphoma and Yoshida rat tumor. In contrast, the cytostatic effect of dianhydrogalactitol was not influenced at all by phenobarbital. The dissimilar effects of phenobarbital on the toxicity and anti-tumour activity of dibromodulcitol and dianhydrogalactitol are probably due to differences both in their metabolism and pharmacodynamics.
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