[Use of holographic interferometry in the analysis of the process of deformation of the base of the skull].

In order to reveal certain quantitative criteria on the skull basis deformities resulting from an injuring agent effect, an experimental investigation has been performed using the holographic interferometry method. Interferograms are registrated according to the scheme offered by Yu. N. Denisyuk at a gradual mechanical loading of the skull by means of a special device. A complicated picture of the skull basis deformity has been revealed under the effect of a successively increasing loading. When the external loading is comparatively small, a slight deformity of some bones appears and their dislocations regarding each other are distinctly seen. When the loading is as great as 90 kg (900 N), the mutual dislocation of the bones is stopped and a solid formation is resulted. If the loading is further increased, the curve of the whole skull basis is produced along the line passing through the foramen occipitale magnum region. The phenomena described correspond to an elastic skull deformity. Cracks and fractures begin forming when the resources of the mutual dislocation of the osseous fragments and the elastic deformity of separate bones are completely exhausted (in the experiments performed--at the loadings of 100 kg, that is 1,000 N and more). The greatest strain is observed in the area of the Turkish saddle, wings of the os sphenoidal, apices of the tample bone pyramids, that corresponds to clinical data on localization of fractures.