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Reports of Echolalia and Related Behaviors in Autism From Parents, Teachers, and Clinicians: Evidence From the Simon Simplex Collection.
Autism Res
January 2025
Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Echolalia, the immediate or delayed repetition of speech, is a core diagnostic criterion for autism spectrum disorder. It has been studied for over 50 years and is well-described; however, no consensus on prevalence estimates exists for echolalia's occurrence in autistic youth. The current study sought to (1) describe endorsement of echolalia-related items using parent-, teacher-, and clinician-reports in a well-validated sample of autistic youth and (2) characterize relations between echolalia and other key factors, including age, language ability, and repetitive behaviors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorphine-induced side effects can be differentially modulated by cannabidiol in male and female rats.
Behav Pharmacol
February 2025
Department of Pharmacology, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Paraná.
Opioid use disorder is a public health problem that includes symptoms such as withdrawal syndrome and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Currently, drugs to treat side effects of opioids also have undesirable effects, which lead to limitations. This study investigated the effect of a treatment with cannabidiol in morphine-induced hyperalgesia and withdrawal behavior in morphine-dependent rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdaptive and Behavioral Profiles in Down Syndrome and Co-Occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case-Control Study.
Autism Res
December 2024
Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent genetic cause of intellectual disability (ID). Individuals with DS exhibit an elevated risk of other neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The primary objective of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of co-occurring ASD in children and adolescents with DS using a case-control approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relationship between serum thyroid hormone levels and symptoms severity in young children with autism.
Endocr Regul
January 2024
1Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, restrictive and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests and activities. The aim of this study was to determine the postnatal levels of thyroid hor-mones and investigate their association with the severity of ASD symptoms. The study included 56 children (46 boys and 10 girls) with ASD aged 24-42 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopmental Trajectory of Autistic-Like Behaviors in a Prenatal Valproic Acid Rat Model of Autism.
Dev Psychobiol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by deficits in social functioning, stereotyped patterns of behaviors, narrowed interests, and elevated anxiety. Certain ASD symptoms can persist, whereas others may improve throughout the lifespan, but the specific patterns of changes have not been clearly delineated. Using a valproic acid (VPA) rat model of ASD, the present study took a developmental approach and examined how autistic-like behaviors, including anxiety-like behavior, object obsession, and social functioning deficits, manifested differently in three critical periods representing preadolescent (postnatal day [PND] 25), adolescent (PND 45), and adulthood life stage (PND 75) in a sex-dependent manner.
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