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Molecular basis of vitamin K driven γ-carboxylation at membrane interface.
Nature
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
The γ-carboxylation of glutamate residues enables Ca-mediated membrane assembly of protein complexes that support broad physiological functions including hemostasis, calcium homeostasis, immune response, and endocrine regulation. Modulating γ-carboxylation level provides prevalent treatments for hemorrhagic and thromboembolic diseases. This unique posttranslational modification requires vitamin K hydroquinone (KH) to drive highly demanding reactions catalyzed by the membrane-integrated γ-carboxylase (VKGC).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNADPH oxidase derived ROS promote arterial contraction in early postnatal rats by activation of L-type voltage-gated Ca channels.
Free Radic Res
January 2025
Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase promote contraction of peripheral arteries, which is especially pronounced in early postnatal period in comparison to adulthood, but the mechanisms of such vasomotor influence are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that Rho-kinase and protein kinase C (PKC) mediate procontractile influence of NADPH oxidase derived ROS in peripheral artery of early postnatal rats. In addition, we evaluated the involvement Src-kinase and L-type voltage-gated Ca channels (LTCC) into procontractile influence of ROS, produced by NADPH oxidase, because of their known interplay with Rho-kinase and PKC pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntrinsic Opening of BK Channels Derives from Inherent Leakage in Hydrophobic Gating.
bioRxiv
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
The big potassium (BK) channels remain open with a small limiting probability of ~ 10 at minimal Ca and negative voltages < -100 mV. The molecular origin and functional significance of such "intrinsic opening" are not understood. Here we combine atomistic simulations and electrophysiological experiments to show that the intrinsic opening of BK channels is an inherent property of the vapor barrier, generated by hydrophobic dewetting of the BK inner pore in the deactivated state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbing the Dual Role of Ca in the LH1-RC Complex by Constructing and Analyzing Ca-Bound and Ca-Free LH1 Complexes.
Biomolecules
January 2025
Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
The genome of the mildly thermophilic hot spring purple sulfur bacterium, (.) , contains a multigene family that encodes a series of α- and β-polypeptides, collectively forming a heterogeneous light-harvesting 1 (LH1) complex. The LH1, therefore, offers a unique model for studying an intermediate phenotype between phototrophic thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria, particularly regarding their LH1 transition and moderately enhanced thermal stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of a bioavailability-based acute effects assessment method for nickel.
Environ Toxicol Chem
January 2025
ARCHE Consulting, Ghent, Belgium.
This study aimed to develop a bioavailability-based effects assessment method for nickel (Ni) to derive acute freshwater environmental thresholds in Europe. The authors established a reliable acute freshwater Ni ecotoxicity database covering 63 different freshwater species, and the existing acute Ni bioavailability models for invertebrates were revised. A single average invertebrate bioavailability model was proposed, in which the protective effects of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on Ni2+ toxicity were integrated as a single-site competition effect at the Ni biotic ligand.
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