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Thorium ore dust research applicable to mineral sands industry workers.
J Radiol Prot
January 2025
School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia.
Historically, radiation exposure to mineral sands workers arose primarily from intake of thorium associated with monazite dust generated in mineral separation plants. Research investigations in the 1990s provided greater insight into the characteristics of inhaled thorium ore dust and bioassay studies inferred that some workers had accumulated significant lung burdens of thorium. Recent changes to biokinetic models have increased the radiation dose assessed to arise from thorium intake, raising questions on the appropriateness of current assumptions used in exposure assessment and feasibility of further bioassay research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUtilization of Low-Rank Coal and Zn-Bearing Dusts for Preparation of K, Na-Embedded Porous Carbon Material and Metallized Pellets by Synergistic Activation and Reduction Process.
Materials (Basel)
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures, MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
A technology was developed for managing Zn-bearing dust, facilitating the recycling of hazardous solid waste and the production of porous carbon materials. In the one-step process, Zn-bearing dusts were employed not only as raw materials to prepare reduced Zn-bearing dust pellets but also as activators to prepare K, Na-embedded activated carbon. In the process, the Fe, C, Zn, K, and Na in the dusts were rationally utilized.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort- and long-term pathologic responses to quartz are induced by nearly free silanols formed during crystal fracturing.
Part Fibre Toxicol
December 2024
Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- - The inhalation of respirable crystalline silica, particularly quartz, is linked to serious health issues like lung inflammation, fibrosis, cancer, and autoimmune diseases, with nearly free silanols (NFS) from fractured quartz being key players in this toxicity.
- - Experiments on mice showed that exposure to NFS-rich quartz caused significant acute and long-term inflammatory responses, fibrosis, cancer, and autoimmune signs, while NFS-poor quartz showed no such effects.
- - The study highlights that NFS-rich quartz specifically triggers harmful biological responses, including increased pro-inflammatory cytokines, lung fibrosis markers, tumors, and autoantibodies, underscoring its health risks compared to less reactive quartz forms.
Exposure to respirable silica contributes to lower airway inflammation in asthmatic horses.
J Vet Intern Med
November 2024
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2-5, Turin 10095, Italy.
Background: Respirable mineral particles can induce lower airway inflammation, but the role they play in asthma of horses is unknown.
Objectives: Respirable mineral particles, particularly respirable silica, are an overlooked determinant of chronic lung inflammation (asthma) in horses.
Animals: Twenty-three horses from an equine hospital population: 11 moderately affected (MEA), 7 severely asthmatic (SEA), and 5 control horses free from respiratory clinical signs.
Multi-omics inhalation toxicity assessment of urban soil dusts contaminated by multiple legacy sources of lead (Pb).
J Hazard Mater
December 2024
Human Toxicology Program, Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. Electronic address:
Although animal studies have evaluated lead (Pb) toxicity, they are limited to soluble forms, such as Pb-acetate, which do not reflect the range found in the exposome. Recent studies on Pb speciation of residential soils in urban areas revealed that the initial Pb sources are not persistent and are extensively repartitioned into adsorbed forms of Pb rather than insoluble phosphates. We investigated the inhalation and neurological toxicity of dusts generated from a surficial soil sample collected from a residential site with an exposomic mixture of various Pb species, both adsorbed phases (Fe and Mn oxide, humate bound Pb) and mineral phases (Pb hydroxycarbonate, pyromorphite, galena).
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