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Aim: To compare effects of various regimens of long-term monotherapy with quinapril (an ACE inhibitor) and valsartan (a type 1 angiotensin II receptors blocker) and combined therapy with these drugs on the activity of heurohormonal systems and 24-h heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with stable moderate chronic cardiac failure (CCF).
Material And Methods: A total of 80 patients with FC II-III CCF secondary to coronary heart disease (CHD), delated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) and decompensated hypertensive heart (49%/47%/4%) were randomized into 3 groups. Group 1 patients (n = 28) received quinapril, group 2 (n = 26)--valsartan, group 3 (n = 26)--quinapril + valsartan.
Prenatal stress and risk for psychopathology: specific effects or induction of general susceptibility?
Psychol Bull
January 2004
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute for Neurosciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.
This review focuses on prenatal stress as a risk factor for psychopathology. Evidence from animal studies is summarized, and the relevance of prenatal stress models in animals for human studies is discussed. In the offspring of prenatally stressed animals, overactivity and impaired negative feedback regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis are consistent findings and may reflect a pathophysiological mechanism involved in the development of psychopathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Therapeutic complexes of physical factors in mild arterial hypertension].
Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult
November 2001
Three therapeutic complexes were compared clinically in patients with mild arterial hypertension. Complex 1 consisted of dry air--radon baths, bicycle exercise and exposure of the renal projection area to decimetric electromagnetic field. Its efficacy was 90%, mechanism of the hypotensive action is reduction of enhanced activity of the sympathico-adrenal and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems, improvement of water-mineral metabolism and lipid peroxidation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute experiments on pigeons, rabbits, rats, and guinea pigs demonstrated that the cause of vagotomic tachycardia is exclusion of inhibitory tone of the vagus nerve rather than excitation of the sympathico-adrenal system. With cholinergic neurons, the vagus nerve may accelerate or slow down cardiac rhythm only in animals with marked tone. In its absence, there may be only inhibitory effects, but short-term stimulation is evident, postvagal tachycardia results from cessation of inhibitory effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Change in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the process of aging].
Probl Endokrinol (Mosk)
February 1984
The results of the studies performed indicate changes in homeostasis of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in old people. A basal level of the blood renin activity and aldosterone concentration decreases, whereas the humoral mechanism sensitivity to regulatory actions of the sympathico-adrenal and hypothalamic-hypophyseal systems increases. The changes mentioned are associated with alterations of intrarenal hemodynamics and electrolyte balance in the organism.
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