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Fetal haemoglobin and oxygen requirement in preterm infants: an observational study.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed
September 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Paediatrics, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how the fraction of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) relates to oxygen needs in very preterm infants, focusing on the relationship between HbF, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO), and alveolar-arterial gradient (A-a gradient).
- Conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit in southern Sweden, the longitudinal observational study analyzed data from 440 preterm infants born before gestational week 30 between 2009 and 2015.
- Results indicate that lower HbF levels are linked to higher FiO and A-a gradients, suggesting that increased oxygen exposure may contribute to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in these infants.
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review.
Cureus
July 2024
Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, New York, USA.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is defined by abnormally dilated blood vessels and shunts within the lungs, leading to impaired oxygen exchange. This condition results from intricate interactions between the liver, the gastrointestinal system, and the lungs. This complex system primarily affects pulmonary endothelial, immunomodulatory, and respiratory epithelial cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatopulmonary Syndrome in a Patient With Autoimmune Hepatitis Without Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Report.
Cureus
July 2024
Second Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, Athens, GRC.
Intrapulmonary vasodilation leads to impaired arterial oxygenation, a hallmark of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), a common pulmonary complication in end-stage liver disease. We present a case of HPS primarily diagnosed due to orthodeoxia in a 62-year-old ex-smoker with autoimmune hepatitis, under immunosuppressive treatment, but without liver cirrhosis. The patient reported dyspnea at rest that improved when supine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn underrecognized phenotype of pulmonary emphysema with marked pulmonary gas exchange but with mild or moderate airway obstruction.
Respir Med Res
November 2024
Service de pneumologie B, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Inserm UMR1152, Université Paris7 Denis Diderot, 75018, Paris, France. Electronic address:
In patients with pulmonary emphysema and mild to moderate airflow limitation, one does not expect the features marked exertional dyspnea and hypoxemia as well as a profound decrease in diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO). Here we describe this phenotype and its prognosis. From our database, we retrospectively selected cases associating emphysema, exertional breathlessness, O requirement at least upon exercise, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV) ≥ 50% predicted, and DLCO ≤ 50% predicted, without associated combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema, right-to-left shunt, or severe pulmonary hypertension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole of Alveolar-Arterial Difference in Estimation of Extravascular Lung Water in COVID-19-Related ARDS.
Respir Care
November 2024
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava and Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Background: The dominant feature of COVID-19-associated ARDS is gas exchange impairment. Extravascular lung water index is a surrogate for lung edema and reflects the level of alveolocapillary disruption. The primary aim was the prediction of extravascular lung water index by the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference.
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