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Pumpkin Soluble Dietary Fiber instead of Insoluble One Ameliorates Hyperglycemia via the Gut Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in db/db Mice.
J Agric Food Chem
January 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China.
Pumpkin extract has been shown to alleviate hyperglycemic symptoms by improving glucose metabolism disorders. However, the specific active components responsible for its hypoglycemic effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, db/db mice underwent a 4-week dietary intervention with two pumpkin flours (PF1 and PF2), total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF), and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF), with acarbose serving as a positive control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrinary biomarkers for diagnosing acute kidney injury in sepsis in the emergency department.
Heliyon
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (SNUBH), Seongnam-si, South Korea.
Background: Development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with sepsis is associated with increased mortality, highlighting the importance of early detection and management. However, baseline creatinine or urine output measurements are required for AKI diagnosis, which can be challenging in emergency departments (EDs). We aimed to evaluate the association between urinary biomarkers and the AKI diagnosis or 30-day survival status in patients with sepsis in the ED.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocal Inflammation Precedes Diaphragm Wasting and Fibrotic Remodelling in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer.
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle
February 2025
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Background: Cancer cachexia represents a debilitating muscle wasting condition that is highly prevalent in gastrointestinal cancers, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Cachexia is estimated to contribute to ~30% of cancer-related deaths, with deterioration of respiratory muscles suspected to be a key contributor to cachexia-associated morbidity and mortality. In recent studies, we identified fibrotic remodelling of respiratory accessory muscles as a key feature of human PDAC cachexia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRare variant associations with birth weight identify genes involved in adipose tissue regulation, placental function and insulin-like growth factor signalling.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Investigating the genetic factors influencing human birth weight may lead to biological insights into fetal growth and long-term health. We report analyses of rare variants that impact birth weight when carried by either fetus or mother, using whole exome sequencing data in up to 234,675 participants. Rare protein-truncating and deleterious missense variants are collapsed to perform gene burden tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdrenomedullin 2 attenuates anxiety-like behaviors by increasing IGF-II in amygdala and re-establishing blood-brain barrier.
Transl Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Anxiety disorder, a prevalent mental health issue, is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. Damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is implicated in anxiety, but its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we show that adrenomedullin 2 (ADM2), a novel angiogenic growth factor, alleviates autistic and anxiety-like behaviors in mice.
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