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Detecting complex infections in trypanosomatids using whole genome sequencing.
BMC Genomics
October 2024
York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology and York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
Background: Trypanosomatid parasites are a group of protozoans that cause devastating diseases that disproportionately affect developing countries. These protozoans have developed several mechanisms for adaptation to survive in the mammalian host, such as extensive expansion of multigene families enrolled in host-parasite interaction, adaptation to invade and modulate host cells, and the presence of aneuploidy and polyploidy. Two mechanisms might result in "complex" isolates, with more than two haplotypes being present in a single sample: multiplicity of infections (MOI) and polyploidy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPirfenidone Prevents Heart Fibrosis during Chronic Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy.
Int J Mol Sci
July 2024
Cellular Ultrastructure Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
Cardiac fibrosis is a severe outcome of Chagas disease (CD), caused by the protozoan . Clinical evidence revealed a correlation between fibrosis levels with impaired cardiac performance in CD patients. Therefore, we sought to analyze the effect of inhibitors of TGF-β (pirfenidone), p38-MAPK (losmapimod) and c-Jun (SP600125) on the modulation of collagen deposition in cardiac fibroblasts (CF) and in vivo models of chronic infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pleiotropic protein P21 orchestrates the intracellular retention and parasitism control of virulent Y strain parasites.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol
July 2024
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
P21 is a protein secreted by all forms of () with recognized biological activities determined in studies using the recombinant form of the protein. In our recent study, we found that the ablation of P21 gene decreased Y strain axenic epimastigotes multiplication and increased intracellular replication of amastigotes in HeLa cells infected with metacyclic trypomastigotes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of P21 using C2C12 cell lines infected with tissue culture-derived trypomastigotes (TCT) of wild-type and P21 knockout (TcP21) Y strain, and using an experimental model of infection in BALB/c mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe interplay between temperature, Trypanosoma cruzi parasite load, and nutrition: Their effects on the development and life-cycle of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
February 2024
Vector Behavior and Pathogen Interaction Group, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi transmitted by blood-sucking insects of the subfamily Triatominae, is a major neglected tropical disease affecting 6 to 7 million of people worldwide. Rhodnius prolixus, one of the most important vectors of Chagas disease in Latin America, is known to be highly sensitive to environmental factors, including temperature. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different temperatures on R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCellular dormancy: A widespread phenomenon that perpetuates infectious diseases.
J Basic Microbiol
May 2024
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
Under adverse environmental conditions, microorganisms are able to enter a state of cellular dormancy which consists of cell cycle arrest and interruption of multiplication. This process ensures their perpetuation in the infected host organism and enables the spread of disease. Throughout biological evolution, dormancy allowed microorganisms to persist in a harsh niche until favorable conditions for their reactivation were re-established.
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